Publications

@incollection{degen_design_2023,

title = {The Design of Transparency Communication for Human-Multirobot Teams},

author = {Ning Wang and David V. Pynadath and Nikolos Gurney},

editor = {Helmut Degen and Stavroula Ntoa},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-35894-4_23},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-35894-4_23},

isbn = {978-3-031-35893-7 978-3-031-35894-4},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

urldate = {2023-08-24},

booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in HCI},

volume = {14051},

pages = {311–321},

publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},

address = {Cham},

note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Computer Science},

keywords = {AI, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{hammer_rethinking_2023,

title = {Rethinking the Physical Symbol Systems Hypothesis},

author = {Paul S. Rosenbloom},

editor = {Patrick Hammer and Marjan Alirezaie and Claes Strannegård},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-33469-6_21},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-33469-6_21},

isbn = {978-3-031-33468-9 978-3-031-33469-6},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

urldate = {2023-08-24},

booktitle = {Artificial General Intelligence},

volume = {13921},

pages = {207–216},

publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},

address = {Cham},

note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Computer Science},

keywords = {CogArch, Cognitive Architecture},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{brown_clinical_2023,

title = {Clinical virtual reality: The state of the science.},

author = {Albert Rizzo and Sebastian Koenig and Belinda Lange},

editor = {Gregory G. Brown and Bruce Crosson and Kathleen Y. Haaland and Tricia Z. King},

url = {http://content.apa.org/books/17303-023},

doi = {10.1037/0000308-023},

isbn = {978-1-4338-4001-2 978-1-4338-4002-9},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

urldate = {2023-08-24},

booktitle = {APA handbook of neuropsychology, Volume 2: Neuroscience and neuromethods (Vol. 2).},

pages = {473–491},

publisher = {American Psychological Association},

address = {Washington},

keywords = {MedVR},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{wang_can_2023,

title = {Can Virtual Agents Scale Up Mentoring?: Insights from College Students’ Experiences Using the CareerFair.ai Platform at an American Hispanic-Serving Institution},

author = {Yuko Okado and Benjamin D. Nye and Angelica Aguirre and William Swartout},

editor = {Ning Wang and Genaro Rebolledo-Mendez and Noboru Matsuda and Olga C. Santos and Vania Dimitrova},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_16},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-36272-9_16},

isbn = {978-3-031-36271-2 978-3-031-36272-9},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

urldate = {2023-08-23},

booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education},

volume = {13916},

pages = {189–201},

publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},

address = {Cham},

note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Computer Science},

keywords = {UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{gurney_comparing_2023,

title = {Comparing Psychometric and Behavioral Predictors of Compliance During Human-AI Interactions},

author = {Nikolos Gurney and David V. Pynadath and Ning Wang},

url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2302.01854},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-30933-5_12},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

urldate = {2023-08-15},

volume = {13832},

pages = {175–197},

abstract = {Optimization of human-AI teams hinges on the AI's ability to tailor its interaction to individual human teammates. A common hypothesis in adaptive AI research is that minor differences in people's predisposition to trust can significantly impact their likelihood of complying with recommendations from the AI. Predisposition to trust is often measured with self-report inventories that are administered before interactions. We benchmark a popular measure of this kind against behavioral predictors of compliance. We find that the inventory is a less effective predictor of compliance than the behavioral measures in datasets taken from three previous research projects. This suggests a general property that individual differences in initial behavior are more predictive than differences in self-reported trust attitudes. This result also shows a potential for easily accessible behavioral measures to provide an AI with more accurate models without the use of (often costly) survey instruments.},

note = {arXiv:2302.01854 [cs]},

keywords = {AI, Social Simulation, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{gurney_my_2023,

title = {My Actions Speak Louder Than Your Words: When User Behavior Predicts Their Beliefs about Agents' Attributes},

author = {Nikolos Gurney and David Pynadath and Ning Wang},

url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2301.09011},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-35894-4_17},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

urldate = {2023-08-15},

volume = {14051},

pages = {232–248},

abstract = {An implicit expectation of asking users to rate agents, such as an AI decision-aid, is that they will use only relevant information – ask them about an agent's benevolence, and they should consider whether or not it was kind. Behavioral science, however, suggests that people sometimes use irrelevant information. We identify an instance of this phenomenon, where users who experience better outcomes in a human-agent interaction systematically rated the agent as having better abilities, being more benevolent, and exhibiting greater integrity in a post hoc assessment than users who experienced worse outcome – which were the result of their own behavior – with the same agent. Our analyses suggest the need for augmentation of models so that they account for such biased perceptions as well as mechanisms so that agents can detect and even actively work to correct this and similar biases of users.},

note = {arXiv:2301.09011 [cs]},

keywords = {Social Simulation, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{wang_virtual_2023,

title = {Virtual Agent Approach for Teaching the Collaborative Problem Solving Skill of Negotiation},

author = {Emmanuel Johnson and Jonathan Gratch and Yolanda Gil},

editor = {Ning Wang and Genaro Rebolledo-Mendez and Vania Dimitrova and Noboru Matsuda and Olga C. Santos},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-36336-8_82},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-36336-8_82},

isbn = {978-3-031-36335-1 978-3-031-36336-8},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

urldate = {2023-09-20},

booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education. Posters and Late Breaking Results, Workshops and Tutorials, Industry and Innovation Tracks, Practitioners, Doctoral Consortium and Blue Sky},

volume = {1831},

pages = {530–535},

publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},

address = {Cham},

note = {Series Title: Communications in Computer and Information Science},

keywords = {UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{kurosu_relationship_2023,

title = {The Relationship Between Pauses and Emphasis: Implications for Charismatic Speech Synthesis},

author = {Ning Wang and Abhilash Karpurapu and Aditya Jajodia and Chirag Merchant},

editor = {Masaaki Kurosu and Ayako Hashizume},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-35602-5_29},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-35602-5_29},

isbn = {978-3-031-35601-8 978-3-031-35602-5},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

urldate = {2023-09-20},

booktitle = {Human-Computer Interaction},

volume = {14013},

pages = {407–418},

publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},

address = {Cham},

note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Computer Science},

keywords = {AI, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{holloway-attaway_playing_2023,

title = {Playing Story Creation Games with Large Language Models: Experiments with GPT-3.5},

author = {Timothy S. Wang and Andrew S. Gordon},

editor = {Lissa Holloway-Attaway and John T. Murray},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-47658-7_28},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-47658-7_28},

isbn = {978-3-031-47657-0 978-3-031-47658-7},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

urldate = {2023-12-07},

booktitle = {Interactive Storytelling},

volume = {14384},

pages = {297–305},

publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},

address = {Cham},

note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Computer Science},

keywords = {Narrative, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{lugrin_challenge_2022,

title = {Challenge Discussion on Socially Interactive Agents: Considerations on Social Interaction, Computational Architectures, Evaluation, and Ethics},

author = {Birgit Lugrin and Catherine Pelachaud and Elisabeth André and Ruth Aylett and Timothy Bickmore and Cynthia Breazeal and Joost Broekens and Kerstin Dautenhahn and Jonathan Gratch and Stefan Kopp and Jacqueline Nadel and Ana Paiva and Agnieszka Wykowska},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3563659.3563677},

isbn = {978-1-4503-9896-1},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-11-01},

urldate = {2023-03-31},

booktitle = {The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity, Platforms, Application},

volume = {48},

pages = {561–626},

publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},

address = {New York, NY, USA},

edition = {1},

keywords = {UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{traum_socially_2022,

title = {Socially Interactive Agent Dialogue},

author = {David Traum},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3563659.3563663},

isbn = {978-1-4503-9896-1},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-11-01},

urldate = {2023-03-31},

booktitle = {The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity, Platforms, Application},

volume = {48},

pages = {45–76},

publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},

address = {New York, NY, USA},

edition = {1},

keywords = {Natural Language, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{hartholt_platforms_2022,

title = {Platforms and Tools for SIA Research and Development},

author = {Arno Hartholt and Sharon Mozgai},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3563659.3563668},

isbn = {978-1-4503-9896-1},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-11-01},

urldate = {2023-03-31},

booktitle = {The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity, Platforms, Application},

volume = {48},

pages = {261–304},

publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},

address = {New York, NY, USA},

edition = {1},

keywords = {UARC, VHTL, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{johnson_impact_2022,

title = {The Impact of Personalized Feedback on Negotiation Training},

author = {Emmanuel Johnson and Jonathan Gratch},

url = {https://adlnet.gov/assets/uploads/Vol%209_CompetencyBasedScenarioDesignBook_Complete_Final_021722v2.pdf#page=93},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-02-01},

urldate = {2022-02-01},

booktitle = {Design Recommendations for Intelligent Tutoring Systems},

volume = {Volume 9},

pages = {92–104},

publisher = {US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command–Soldier Center},

series = {Competency, Based Scenario Design},

abstract = {Intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) have made great strides in teaching cognitive skills, including math (Koedinger et al., 1997; Koedinger & Corbett, 2005; Koedinger & Corbett, 2006), reading (Mills-Tettey, et al., 2009; Wijekumar et al., 2005;) and computer literacy (Guo, 2015; Olney et al., 2017;). Recent research has begun to extend these techniques to interpersonal skills such as public speaking (Chollet et al., 2014), medical interviews (Pataki, 2012; Stevens, 2006), collaborative problem solving (Graesser et al., 2018) and negotiation (Gratch et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2009). An extensive body of research has documented the benefits of ITSs for cognitive skill development, but relative to this, research on ITSs for interpersonal skills is still in its infancy. This chapter highlights our efforts in adapting ITS techniques to teaching negotiation.},

keywords = {ARL, DoD, Social Simulation, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{paun_learning_2022,

title = {Learning from Multi-Annotated Corpora},

author = {Silviu Paun and Ron Artstein and Massimo Poesio},

editor = {Silviu Paun and Ron Artstein and Massimo Poesio},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03763-4_6},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-03763-4_6},

isbn = {978-3-031-03763-4},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2023-03-31},

booktitle = {Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis},

pages = {147–165},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham},

series = {Synthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies},

keywords = {Natural Language, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{paun_probabilistic_2022,

title = {Probabilistic Models of Agreement},

author = {Silviu Paun and Ron Artstein and Massimo Poesio},

editor = {Silviu Paun and Ron Artstein and Massimo Poesio},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03763-4_4},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-03763-4_4},

isbn = {978-3-031-03763-4},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2023-03-31},

booktitle = {Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis},

pages = {79–101},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham},

series = {Synthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies},

keywords = {Natural Language, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{paun_using_2022,

title = {Using Agreement Measures for CL Annotation Tasks},

author = {Silviu Paun and Ron Artstein and Massimo Poesio},

editor = {Silviu Paun and Ron Artstein and Massimo Poesio},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03763-4_3},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-03763-4_3},

isbn = {978-3-031-03763-4},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2023-03-31},

booktitle = {Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis},

pages = {47–78},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham},

series = {Synthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies},

abstract = {We will now review the use of intercoder agreement measures in CL since Carletta’s original paper in the light of the discussion in the previous sections. We begin with a summary of Krippendorff’s recommendations about measuring reliability (Krippendorff, 2004a, Chapter 11), then discuss how coefficients of agreement have been used in CL to measure the reliability of annotation, focusing in particular on the types of annotation where there has been some debate concerning the most appropriate measures of agreement.},

keywords = {Natural Language, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{paun_probabilistic_2022-1,

title = {Probabilistic Models of Annotation},

author = {Silviu Paun and Ron Artstein and Massimo Poesio},

editor = {Silviu Paun and Ron Artstein and Massimo Poesio},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03763-4_5},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-03763-4_5},

isbn = {978-3-031-03763-4},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2023-03-31},

booktitle = {Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis},

pages = {105–145},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham},

series = {Synthesis Lectures on Human Language Technologies},

keywords = {Natural Language, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{zhou_pysigma_2022,

title = {PySigma: Towards Enhanced Grand Unification for the Sigma Cognitive Architecture},

author = {Jincheng Zhou and Volkan Ustun},

editor = {Ben Goertzel and Matthew Iklé and Alexey Potapov},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-93758-4_36},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-93758-4_36},

isbn = {978-3-030-93757-7 978-3-030-93758-4},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2022-09-21},

booktitle = {Artificial General Intelligence},

volume = {13154},

pages = {355–366},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham},

keywords = {CogArch, Cognitive Architecture, DTIC, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{baarslag_self-sufficient_2022,

title = {Self-sufficient, Self-directed, and Interdependent Negotiation Systems: A Roadmap Toward Autonomous Negotiation Agents},

author = {Tim Baarslag and Michael Kaisers and Enrico H. Gerding and Catholijn M. Jonker and Jonathan Gratch},

editor = {Emin Karagözoğlu and Kyle B. Hyndman},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-76666-5_18},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-76666-5_18},

isbn = {978-3-030-76665-8 978-3-030-76666-5},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2022-09-27},

booktitle = {Bargaining},

pages = {387–406},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham},

keywords = {Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{gurney_route_2022,

title = {Route Optimization in Service of a Search and Rescue Artificial Social Intelligence Agent},

author = {Yunzhe Wang and Nikolos Gurney and Jincheng Zhou and David V. Pynadath and Volkan Ustun},

editor = {Nikolos Gurney and Gita Sukthankar},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-21671-8_14},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-21671-8_14},

isbn = {978-3-031-21670-1 978-3-031-21671-8},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2023-02-10},

booktitle = {Computational Theory of Mind for Human-Machine Teams},

volume = {13775},

pages = {220–228},

publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},

address = {Cham},

note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Computer Science},

keywords = {Cognitive Architecture, Social Simulation, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{gurney_operationalizing_2022,

title = {Operationalizing Theories of Theory of Mind: A Survey},

author = {Nikolos Gurney and Stacy Marsella and Volkan Ustun and David V. Pynadath},

editor = {Nikolos Gurney and Gita Sukthankar},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-031-21671-8_1},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-21671-8_1},

isbn = {978-3-031-21670-1 978-3-031-21671-8},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2023-02-10},

booktitle = {Computational Theory of Mind for Human-Machine Teams},

volume = {13775},

pages = {3–20},

publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland},

address = {Cham},

note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Computer Science},

keywords = {Cognitive Architecture, Social Simulation, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{gratch_emotionally_2021,

title = {Emotionally resonant media},

author = {Jonathan Gratch and Gale M. Lucas},

url = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780429465758/chapters/10.4324/9780429465758-18},

doi = {10.4324/9780429465758-18},

isbn = {978-0-429-46575-8},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-01},

urldate = {2022-09-28},

booktitle = {Routledge International Handbook of Emotions and Media},

pages = {285–302},

publisher = {Routledge},

address = {London},

edition = {2},

keywords = {Emotions},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{gratch_rapport_2021,

title = {Rapport Between Humans and Socially Interactive Agents},

author = {Jonathan Gratch and Gale Lucas},

editor = {Birgit Lugrin and Catherine Pelachaud and David Traum},

url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3477322.3477335},

doi = {10.1145/3477322.3477335},

isbn = {978-1-4503-8720-0},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-09-01},

urldate = {2022-09-28},

booktitle = {The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents},

pages = {433–462},

publisher = {ACM},

address = {New York, NY, USA},

edition = {1},

keywords = {Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{nye_metrics_2021,

title = {Metrics for Engagement in Games and Simulations for Learning},

author = {Benjamin D. Nye and Mark G. Core and Aviroop Ghosal and Peter B. Walker},

url = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780429282201-5/metrics-engagement-games-simulations-learning-benjamin-nye-mark-core-aviroop-ghosal-peter-walker},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

booktitle = {Using Cognitive and Affective Metrics in Educational Simulations and Games},

publisher = {Routledge},

abstract = {Games and simulations can be more engaging than other educational tools (e.g., textbooks, videos, problem sets), and this engagement can lead to improved short- and long-term learning. However, engagement in game-based learning is not automatic, and instead requires iterative design. In this work, we explore and compare metrics from research on learning sciences and from game design, considering different time scales of human action, ranging from biological engagement (e.g., eye gaze) up to lasting social ties (e.g., community building). Certain game-design approaches used for commercial games may be useful for game-based learning, such as establishing bottom-line metrics aligned to why the game was built or analyzing engagement in terms of facets or archetypes rather than on a unidirectional scale. Further research is required to study the interaction between engagement at different time scales, particularly for cases where higher long-term engagement is indicated by lower short-term engagement (e.g., skipping easy content).},

note = {Num Pages: 24},

keywords = {Learning Sciences, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{gordon_narrative_2021,

title = {Narrative Text Generation from Abductive Interpretations Using Axiom-Specific Templates},

author = {Andrew S. Gordon and Timothy S. Wang},

editor = {Alex Mitchell and Mirjam Vosmeer},

url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-92300-6_7},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-92300-6_7},

isbn = {978-3-030-92299-3 978-3-030-92300-6},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2022-09-22},

booktitle = {Interactive Storytelling},

volume = {13138},

pages = {71–79},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham},

keywords = {DTIC, Narrative, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{dharo_towards_2021,

title = {Towards Personalization of Spoken Dialogue System Communication Strategies},

author = {Carla Gordon and Kallirroi Georgila and Volodymyr Yanov and David Traum},

editor = {Luis Fernando D'Haro and Zoraida Callejas and Satoshi Nakamura},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-981-15-8395-7_11},

doi = {10.1007/978-981-15-8395-7_11},

isbn = {9789811583940 9789811583957},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-04-15},

booktitle = {Conversational Dialogue Systems for the Next Decade},

volume = {704},

pages = {145--160},

publisher = {Springer Singapore},

address = {Singapore},

abstract = {This study examines the effects of 3 conversational traits – Register, Explicitness, and Misunderstandings – on user satisfaction and the perception of specific subjective features for Virtual Home Assistant spoken dialogue systems. Eight different system profiles were created, each representing a different combination of these 3 traits. We then utilized a novel Wizard of Oz data collection tool and recruited participants who interacted with the 8 different system profiles, and then rated the systems on 7 subjective features. Surprisingly, we found that systems which made errors were preferred overall, with the statistical analysis revealing error-prone systems were rated higher than systems which made no errors for all 7 of the subjective features rated. There were also some interesting interaction effects between the 3 conversational traits, such as implicit confirmations being preferred for systems employing a “conversational” Register, while explicit confirmations were preferred for systems employing a “formal” Register, even though there was no overall main effect for Explicitness. This experimental framework offers a fine-grained approach to the evaluation of user satisfaction which looks towards the personalization of communication strategies for spoken dialogue systems.},

note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering},

keywords = {Dialogue, Natural Language, UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{gervits_classification-based_2021,

title = {A Classification-Based Approach to Automating Human-Robot Dialogue},

author = {Felix Gervits and Anton Leuski and Claire Bonial and Carla Gordon and David Traum},

editor = {Erik Marchi and Sabato Marco Siniscalchi and Sandro Cumani and Valerio Mario Salerno and Haizhou Li},

url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9323-9_10},

doi = {10.1007/978-981-15-9323-9_10},

isbn = {9789811593239},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2022-09-23},

booktitle = {Increasing Naturalness and Flexibility in Spoken Dialogue Interaction: 10th International Workshop on Spoken Dialogue Systems},

pages = {115–127},

publisher = {Springer},

address = {Singapore},

series = {Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering},

abstract = {We present a dialogue system based on statistical classification which was used to automate human-robot dialogue in a collaborative navigation domain. The classifier was trained on a small corpus of multi-floor Wizard-of-Oz dialogue including two wizards: one standing in for dialogue capabilities and another for navigation. Below, we describe the implementation details of the classifier and show how it was used to automate the dialogue wizard. We evaluate our system on several sets of source data from the corpus and find that response accuracy is generally high, even with very limited training data. Another contribution of this work is the novel demonstration of a dialogue manager that uses the classifier to engage in multi-floor dialogue with two different human roles. Overall, this approach is useful for enabling spoken dialogue systems to produce robust and accurate responses to natural language input, and for robots that need to interact with humans in a team setting.},

keywords = {Dialogue, DTIC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{dharo_masheli_2021,

title = {Masheli: A Choctaw-English Bilingual Chatbot},

author = {Jacqueline Brixey and David Traum},

editor = {Luis Fernando D'Haro and Zoraida Callejas and Satoshi Nakamura},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-981-15-8395-7_4},

doi = {10.1007/978-981-15-8395-7_4},

isbn = {9789811583940 9789811583957},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2021-04-15},

booktitle = {Conversational Dialogue Systems for the Next Decade},

volume = {704},

pages = {41--50},

publisher = {Springer Singapore},

address = {Singapore},

abstract = {We present the implementation of an autonomous Choctaw-English bilingual chatbot. Choctaw is an American indigenous language. The intended use of the chatbot is for Choctaw language learners to practice. The system’s backend is NPCEditor, a response selection program that is trained on linked questions and answers. The chatbot’s answers are stories and conversational utterances in both languages. We experiment with the ability of NPCEditor to appropriately respond to language mixed utterances, and describe a pilot study with Choctaw-English speakers.},

note = {Series Title: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering},

keywords = {Natural Language, UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{barnes_human-agent_2021,

title = {Human-agent bidirectional transparency},

author = {Michael J. Barnes and Ning Wang and David V. Pynadath and Jessie Y. C. Chen},

url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780128194720000101},

doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-819472-0.00010-1},

isbn = {978-0-12-819472-0},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-01-01},

urldate = {2022-10-24},

booktitle = {Trust in Human-Robot Interaction},

pages = {209–232},

publisher = {Elsevier},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{brixey_masheli_2020,

title = {Masheli: A Choctaw-English bilingual chatbot},

author = {Jacqueline Brixey and David Traum},

url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-15-8395-7_4},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-10-01},

booktitle = {Conversational Dialogue Systems for the Next Decade},

pages = {41–50},

publisher = {Springer},

address = {Switzerland},

abstract = {We present the implementation of an autonomous Choctaw-English bilingual chatbot. Choctaw is an American indigenous language. The intended use of the chatbot is for Choctaw language learners to pratice conversational skills. The system’s backend is NPCEditor, a response selection program that is trained on linked questions and answers. The chatbot’s answers are stories and conversational utterances in both languages. We experiment with the ability of NPCEditor to appropriately respond to language mixed utterances, and describe a pilot study with Choctaw-English speakers.},

keywords = {ARO-Coop, Natural Language, UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{gordon_towards_2020,

title = {Towards Personalization of Spoken Dialogue System Communication Strategies},

author = {Carla Gordon and Kallirroi Georgila and Volodymyr Yanov and David Traum},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-981-15-8395-7_11},

isbn = {9789811583940 9789811583957},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-09-01},

booktitle = {Conversational Dialogue Systems for the Next Decade},

volume = {704},

pages = {145–160},

publisher = {Springer Singapore},

address = {Singapore},

abstract = {This study examines the effects of 3 conversational traits – Register, Explicitness, and Misunderstandings – on user satisfaction and the perception of specific subjective features for Virtual Home Assistant spoken dialogue systems. Eight different system profiles were created, each representing a different combination of these 3 traits. We then utilized a novel Wizard of Oz data collection tool and recruited participants who interacted with the 8 different system profiles, and then rated the systems on 7 subjective features. Surprisingly, we found that systems which made errors were preferred overall, with the statistical analysis revealing error-prone systems were rated higher than systems which made no errors for all 7 of the subjective features rated. There were also some interesting interaction effects between the 3 conversational traits, such as implicit confirmations being preferred for systems employing a “conversational” Register, while explicit confirmations were preferred for systems employing a “formal” Register, even though there was no overall main effect for Explicitness. This experimental framework offers a fine-grained approach to the evaluation of user satisfaction which looks towards the personalization of communication strategies for spoken dialogue systems.},

keywords = {ARO-Coop, Dialogue, Natural Language, UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{mozgai_development_2020,

title = {Development and Initial Feasibility Testing of the Virtual Research Navigator (VRN): A Public-Facing Agent-Based Educational System for Clinical Research Participation},

author = {Sharon Mozgai and Arno Hartholt and Dayo Akinyemi and Katarina Kubicek and Albert (Skip) Rizzo and Michele Kipke},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-50729-9_43},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-50729-9_43},

isbn = {978-3-030-50728-2 978-3-030-50729-9},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-07-01},

booktitle = {HCI International 2020 - Posters},

volume = {1225},

pages = {304–307},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {The overall goal of VRN is to develop a novel technology solution at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA) to overcome barriers that prevent the recruitment of diverse patient populations to clinical trials by providing both caregivers and children with an interactive educational experience. This system consists of 1) an intelligent agent called Zippy that users interact with by keyboard or voice input, 2) a series of videos covering topics including Privacy, Consent and Benefits, and 3) a UI that guides users through all available content. Pre- and post-questionnaires assessed willingness to participate in clinical research and found participants either increased or maintained their level of willingness to participate in research studies. Additionally, qualitative analysis of interview data revealed participants rated the overall interaction favorably and believed Zippy to be more fun, less judgmental and less threatening than interacting with a human. Future iterations are in-progress based on the user-feedback},

keywords = {MedVR, VHTL, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{talbot_storyboarding_2020,

title = {Storyboarding the Virtuality: Methods and Best Practices to Depict Scenes and Interactive Stories in Virtual and Mixed Reality},

author = {Thomas Brett Talbot and Katherine Elizabeth Thiry and Michael Jenkins},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-51828-8_17},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-51828-8_17},

isbn = {978-3-030-51827-1 978-3-030-51828-8},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-07-01},

booktitle = {Advances in Usability, User Experience, Wearable and Assistive Technology},

volume = {1217},

pages = {129–135},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {Storyboarding is a cinematic prototyping technique to visualize settings, event sequences, dialogues & character depictions. Interactive VR/MR experiences benefit from storyboarding as part of the creation process, yet free movement & immersive 3D introduce challenges. Techniques to visualize 3D settings are explored with methods to conduct traditional storyboarding while requiring multiple viewpoints within a single timestep are elaborated. This is possible w/ perspective scene views. Even with 3D prototyping tools, it is important to maintain practices which optimize VR storyboarding and maintain spatial efficiency, allow storyboards to be hand drawn and be intuitive to read. A powerful solution is to bind several perspectives together to represent a specific time while reverting to a traditional single viewpoint when not necessary, therefore balancing three dimensionality, spatial efficiency & ease of creation.},

keywords = {MedVR},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{lucas_reporting_2019,

title = {Reporting Mental Health Symptoms: Breaking Down Barriers to Care with Virtual Human Interviewers},

author = {Gale M. Lucas and Albert Rizzo and Jonathan Gratch and Stefan Scherer and Giota Stratou and Jill Boberg and Louis-Philippe Morency},

url = {https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=N724DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=The+Impact+of+Virtual+and+Augmented+Reality+on+Individuals+and+Society&ots=ZMD1P9T-K5&sig=Qqh7iHZ4Xq2iRyYecrECHwNNE38#v=onepage&q=The%20Impact%20of%20Virtual%20and%20Augmented%20Reality%20on%20Individuals%20and%20Society&f=false},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-09-01},

booktitle = {The Impact of Virtual and Augmented Reality on Individuals and Society},

pages = {256–264},

publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},

abstract = {A common barrier to healthcare for psychiatric conditions is the stigma associated with these disorders. Perceived stigma prevents many from reporting their symptoms. Stigma is a particularly pervasive problem among military service members, preventing them from reporting symptoms of combat-related conditions like posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, research shows (increased reporting by service members when anonymous assessments are used. For example, service members report more symptoms of PTSD when they anonymously answer the Post-Deployment Health Assessment (PDHA) symptom checklist compared to the official PDHA, which is identifiable and linked to their military records. To investigate the factors that influence reporting of psychological symptoms by service members, we used a transformative technology: automated virtual humans that interview people about their symptoms. Such virtual human interviewers allow simultaneous use of two techniques for eliciting disclosure that would otherwise be incompatible; they afford anonymity while also building rapport. We examined whether virtual human interviewers could increase disclosure of mental health symptoms among active-duty service members that just returned from a year-long deployment in Afghanistan. Service members reported more symptoms during a conversation with a virtual human interviewer than on the official PDHA. They also reported more to a virtual human interviewer than on an anonymized PDHA. A second, larger sample of active-duty and former service members found a similar effect that approached statistical significance. Because respondents in both studies shared more with virtual human interviewers than an anonymized PDHA—even though both conditions control for stigma and ramifications for service members’ military records—virtual human interviewers that build rapport may provide a superior option to encourage reporting.},

keywords = {MedVR, UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{bouchard_applications_2019,

title = {Applications of Virtual Reality in Clinical Psychology and Clinical Cognitive Neuroscience–An Introduction},

author = {Stéphane Bouchard and Albert “Skip” Rizzo},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4939-9482-3_1},

doi = {10.1007/978-1-4939-9482-3_1},

isbn = {978-1-4939-9480-9 978-1-4939-9482-3},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-08-01},

booktitle = {Virtual Reality for Psychological and Neurocognitive Interventions},

pages = {1–13},

publisher = {Springer New York},

address = {New York, NY},

abstract = {Simulation technology has a long history of adding value in aviation, military training, automotive/aircraft design, and surgical planning. In clinical psychology, Norcross et al. (2013) surveyed 70 therapy experts regarding interventions they predicted to increase in the next decade and virtual reality (VR) was ranked 4th out of 45 options, with other computer-supported methods occupying 4 out of the top 5 positions. The increased popularity of VR in the news, social media, conferences, and from innovative start-ups may give the impression that VR is something new. However, it is important to look back in time and recognize that as early as the 1960’s, Heilig proposed a multisensory immersive experienced called the Sensorama, and Sutherland and Sproull had created a stereoscopic head mounted display (HMD) (Berryman 2012; Srivastava et al. 2014). The term VR was coined more than 30 years ago by Jaron Lanier and commercial games were distributed to the public as early as 1989 by Mattel (in the US, and by PAX in Japan) for its PowerGlove™ and Nintendo’s failed Virtual Boy™ was released in 1995. Clinical VR applications were proposed as early as the mid 1990’s by Lamson, Pugnetti, Rothbaum, Riva, Rizzo, Weiss, and Wiederhold (named in alphabetical order), among others. Moreover, several scientific journals, conferences, and handbooks dedicated to the subject have been reporting scientific findings for decades.},

keywords = {MedVR},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{parsons_review_2019,

title = {A Review of Virtual Classroom Environments for Neuropsychological Assessment},

author = {Thomas D. Parsons and Albert “Skip” Rizzo},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4939-9482-3_11},

doi = {10.1007/978-1-4939-9482-3_11},

isbn = {978-1-4939-9480-9 978-1-4939-9482-3},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-08-01},

booktitle = {Virtual Reality for Psychological and Neurocognitive Interventions},

pages = {247–265},

publisher = {Springer New York},

address = {New York, NY},

abstract = {Differential diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychological disorders require assessments that can differentiate overlapping symptoms. Previous research has most often relied on paper-and-pencil as well as computerized psychometric tests of cognitive functions. Although these approaches provide highly systematic control and delivery of performance challenges, they have also been criticized as limited in the area of ecological validity. A possible answer to the problems of ecological validity in assessment of cognitive functioning in neurological populations is to immerse the participant in a virtual environment. This chapter reviews the potential of various virtual classroom environments that have been developed for neuropsychological assessment.},

keywords = {MedVR},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{talbot_virtual_2019-1,

title = {Virtual Human Standardized Patients for Clinical Training},

author = {Thomas Talbot and Albert “Skip” Rizzo},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4939-9482-3_17},

doi = {10.1007/978-1-4939-9482-3_17},

isbn = {978-1-4939-9480-9 978-1-4939-9482-3},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-08-01},

booktitle = {Virtual Reality for Psychological and Neurocognitive Interventions},

pages = {387–405},

publisher = {Springer New York},

address = {New York, NY},

abstract = {Since Dr. Howard Barrows (1964) introduced the human standardized patient in 1963, there have been attempts to game a computer-based simulacrum of a patient encounter; the first being a heart attack simulation using the online PLATO system (Bitzer M, Nursing Research 15:144–150, 1966). With the now ubiquitous use of computers in medicine, interest and effort have expended in the area of Virtual Patients (VPs). There are excellent summaries in the literature (Talbot TB, International Journal of Gaming and Computer Mediated Simulations 4:1–19, 2012) that explain the different types of virtual patients along with their best case applications, strengths and limitations.},

keywords = {MedVR, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{lee_assessment_2019,

title = {An Assessment Framework for DialPort},

author = {Kyusong Lee and Tiancheng Zhao and Stefan Ultes and Lina Rojas-Barahona and Eli Pincus and David Traum and Maxine Eskenazi},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-92108-2_10},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-92108-2_10},

isbn = {978-3-319-92107-5 978-3-319-92108-2},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-06-01},

urldate = {2019-10-28},

booktitle = {Advanced Social Interaction with Agents},

volume = {510},

pages = {79–85},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham},

abstract = {Collecting a large amount of real human-computer interaction data in various domains is a cornerstone in the development of better data-driven spoken dialog systems. The DialPort project is creating a portal to collect a constant stream of real user conversational data on a variety of topics. In order to keep real users attracted to DialPort, it is crucial to develop a robust evaluation framework to monitor and maintain high performance. Different from earlier spoken dialog systems, DialPort has a heterogeneous set of spoken dialog systems gathered under one outward-looking agent. In order to access this new structure, we have identified some unique challenges that DialPort will encounter so that it can appeal to real users and have created a novel evaluation scheme that quantitatively assesses their performance in these situations. We look at assessment from the point of view of the system developer as well as that of the end user.},

keywords = {Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{johnson_intelligent_2019,

title = {Intelligent Tutoring System for Negotiation Skills Training},

author = {Emmanuel Johnson and Gale Lucas and Peter Kim and Jonathan Gratch},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-23207-8_23},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-23207-8_23},

isbn = {978-3-030-23206-1 978-3-030-23207-8},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-06-01},

booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education},

volume = {11626},

pages = {122–127},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {Intelligent tutoring systems have proven very effective at teaching hard skills such as math and science, but less research has examined how to teach “soft” skills such as negotiation. In this paper, we introduce an effective approach to teaching negotiation tactics. Prior work showed that students can improve through practice with intelligent negotiation agents. We extend this work by proposing general methods of assessment and feedback that could be applied to a variety of such agents. We evaluate these techniques through a human subject study. Our study demonstrates that personalized feedback improves students’ use of several foundational tactics.},

keywords = {Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{koenig_virtual_2019,

title = {Virtual reality and rehabilitation.},

author = {Sebastian T. Koenig and Denise Krch and Belinda S. Lange and Albert Rizzo},

url = {http://content.apa.org/books/16122-032},

isbn = {978-1-4338-2985-7 978-1-4338-2984-0},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-04-01},

booktitle = {Handbook of rehabilitation psychology (3rd ed.).},

pages = {521–539},

publisher = {American Psychological Association},

address = {Washington, DC},

abstract = {Virtual reality (VR) technology has seen a recent surge in market adoption for video games, movies, broadcasting of live events, and industries such as real estate and health care. This chapter focuses on evidence and technology released within the past 5 years to avoid discussing outdated or discontinued VR systems. It provides a pragmatic overview of VR technology, including its strengths and limitations, recent research and system development, and future perspectives. The widespread appeal of VR in society, untethered hardware, and integration of VR accessories, tracking devices, and psychophysiological monitoring are among the topics that have pushed VR into the spotlight, even in nontraditional VR markets such as rehabilitation psychology. The chapter provides an updated view of VR as a natural fit for clinical use, highlighting key features that can positively impact rehabilitation outcomes and address social and vocational aspects of cognitive rehabilitation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)},

keywords = {MedVR},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{talbot_virtual_2019,

title = {Virtual Standardized Patients for Interactive Conversational Training: A Grand Experiment and New Approach},

author = {Thomas B. Talbot and Albert Skip Rizzo},

url = {http://services.igi-global.com/resolvedoi/resolve.aspx?doi=10.4018/978-1-5225-7461-3},

doi = {10.4018/978-1-5225-7461-3},

isbn = {978-1-5225-7461-3 978-1-5225-7462-0},

year  = {2019},

date = {2019-01-01},

booktitle = {Exploring the Cognitive, Social, Cultural, and Psychological Aspects of Gaming and Simulations:},

publisher = {IGI Global},

address = {Hershey, PA},

series = {Advances in Game-Based Learning},

abstract = {The USC Standard Patient is a virtual human-based conversational agent serving in the role of a simulated medical patient, also known as a virtual standardized patient (VSP). This research identified deficiencies of extant VSP systems, defined a robust set of requirements, and successfully achieved nearly all of them. Markedly impressive advancements were made in virtual human technology, techniques to apply natural language processing, automated assessment artificial intelligence, and pedagogical design. The effort succeeded with performance parameters of high conversational performance, accurate assessment, and strongly demonstrated user training effect. Although working well within its confined are of expertise, the ability for computers to create authentic mixed initiative conversations remains elusive. This effort leaves behind many lessons for interactive serious games, clinical virtual humans, and conversational virtual human training applications.},

keywords = {MedVR, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{gordon_playing_2018,

title = {Playing Story Creation Games with Logical Abduction},

author = {Andrew S. Gordon and Ulrike Spierling},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-04028-4_55},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-04028-4_55},

isbn = {978-3-030-04027-7 978-3-030-04028-4},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-11-01},

booktitle = {Interactive Storytelling},

volume = {11318},

pages = {478–482},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {Story Creation Games, such as Rory’s Story Cubes and the Tell Tale card game, require players to invent creative and coherent narratives from a set of unconnected elements assembled by random chance, e.g., the throw of a die or the draw of a card. We model this human ability as a process of logical abduction, where the reasoning task is to identify a set of assumptions about a fictional world that logically entail the elements depicted on the dice or on the cards. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by hand-authoring a knowledge base of axioms that is sufficient to generate eight creative narratives each related to three Tell Tale cards, depicting a baseball player, a heart, and a train.},

keywords = {Narrative},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{goldberg_team_2018,

title = {Team Assessment and Pedagogy as Informed by Sports Coaching and Assessment},

author = {Benjamin Goldberg and Benjamin Nye and H Chad Lane and Mark Guadagnoli},

url = {https://gifttutoring.org/attachments/download/3029/Design%20Recommendations%20for%20ITS_Volume%206%20-%20Team%20Tutoring_final.pdf},

isbn = {978-0-9977257-4-2},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-08-01},

booktitle = {Design Recommendations for Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Volume 6-Team Modeling},

pages = {105–119},

publisher = {US Army Research Laboratory (ARL)},

address = {Orlando, Florida},

abstract = {In this chapter, we consider pedagogical insights offered by three different sources of information from sports coaching and assessment: published reports of sports training, first-hand accounts of team training, and a review of assessment approaches for measuring team performance. These issues are considered in the context of an integrated taxonomy of feedback that considers when feedback was given, who it was given to (e.g., individual vs. team), the type of feedback (e.g., positive vs. negative), and the specificity of feedback (e.g., detailed issues vs. brief note). The goal of this work is to consider how these patterns might generalize to a wider range of learning tasks, to improve both learning and assessment of team performance.},

keywords = {ARL, DoD, Learning Sciences, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{pynadath_transparency_2018,

title = {Transparency Communication for Machine Learning in Human-Automation Interaction},

author = {David V. Pynadath and Michael J. Barnes and Ning Wang and Jessie Y. C. Chen},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-90403-0_5},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-90403-0_5},

isbn = {978-3-319-90402-3 978-3-319-90403-0},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-06-01},

booktitle = {Human and Machine Learning},

pages = {75–90},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {Technological advances offer the promise of autonomous systems to form human-machine teams that are more capable than their individual members. Understanding the inner workings of the autonomous systems, especially as machine-learning (ML) methods are being widely applied to the design of such systems, has become increasingly challenging for the humans working with them. The “black-box” nature of quantitative ML approaches poses an impediment to people’s situation awareness (SA) of these ML-based systems, often resulting in either disuse or over-reliance of autonomous systems employing such algorithms. Research in human-automation interaction has shown that transparency communication can improve teammates’ SA, foster the trust relationship, and boost the human-automation team’s performance. In this chapter, we will examine the implications of an agent transparency model for human interactions with ML-based agents using automated explanations. We will discuss the application of a particular ML method, reinforcement learning (RL), in Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP)-based agents, and the design of explanation algorithms for RL in POMDPs.},

keywords = {ARL, DoD, Social Simulation, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{monahan_autonomous_2018,

title = {Autonomous Agent that Provides Automated Feedback Improves Negotiation Skills},

author = {Shannon Monahan and Emmanuel Johnson and Gale Lucas and James Finch and Jonathan Gratch},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-93846-2_41},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-93846-2_41},

isbn = {978-3-319-93845-5 978-3-319-93846-2},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-06-01},

booktitle = {Artificial Intelligence in Education},

volume = {10948},

pages = {225–229},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {Research has found that individuals can improve their negotiation abilities by practicing with virtual agents [1, 2]. For these pedagogical agents to become more “intelligent,” the system should be able to give feedback on negotiation performance [3, 4]. In this study, we examined the impact of providing such individualized feedback. Participants first engaged in a negotiation with a virtual agent. After this negotiation, participants were either given automated individualized feedback or not. Feedback was based on negotiation principles [4], which were quantified using a validated approach [5]. Participants then completed a second, parallel negotiation. Our results show that, compared to the control condition, participants who received such feedback after the first negotiation showed a significantly greater improvement in the strength of their first offer, concession curve, and thus their final outcome in the negotiation.},

keywords = {UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{wang_learning_2018,

title = {Learning by Explaining to a Digital Doppelganger},

author = {Ning Wang and Ari Shapiro and Andrew Feng and Cindy Zhuang and Chirag Merchant and David Schwartz and Stephen L. Goldberg},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-91464-0_25},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-91464-0_25},

isbn = {978-3-319-91463-3 978-3-319-91464-0},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-05-01},

booktitle = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems},

volume = {10858},

pages = {256–264},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {Digital doppelgangers are virtual humans that highly resemble the real self but behave independently. An emerging computer animation technology makes the creation of digital doppelgangers an accessible reality. This allows researchers in pedagogical agents to explore previously unexplorable research questions, such as how does increasing the similarity in appearance between the agent and the student impact learning. This paper discusses the design and evaluation of a digital doppelganger as a virtual listener in a learning-by-explaining paradigm. Results offer insight into the promise and limitation of this novel technology.},

keywords = {ARL, DoD, MedVR, Social Simulation, UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{wang_is_2018,

title = {Is It My Looks? Or Something I Said? The Impact of Explanations, Embodiment, and Expectations on Trust and Performance in Human-Robot Teams},

author = {Ning Wang and David V. Pynadath and Ericka Rovira and Michael J. Barnes and Susan G. Hill},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-78978-1_5},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-78978-1_5},

isbn = {978-3-319-78977-4 978-3-319-78978-1},

year  = {2018},

date = {2018-04-01},

booktitle = {Persuasive Technology},

volume = {10809},

pages = {56–69},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {Trust is critical to the success of human-robot interaction. Research has shown that people will more accurately trust a robot if they have an accurate understanding of its decision-making process. The Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) is one such decision-making process, but its quantitative reasoning is typically opaque to people. This lack of transparency is exacerbated when a robot can learn, making its decision making better, but also less predictable. Recent research has shown promise in calibrating human-robot trust by automatically generating explanations of POMDP-based decisions. In this work, we explore factors that can potentially interact with such explanations in influencing human decision-making in human-robot teams. We focus on explanations with quantitative expressions of uncertainty and experiment with common design factors of a robot: its embodiment and its communication strategy in case of an error. Results help us identify valuable properties and dynamics of the human-robot trust relationship.},

keywords = {ARL, DoD, Social Simulation, UARC},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{rizzo_virtual_2017,

title = {Virtual Reality Applications for the Assessment and Treatment of PTSD},

author = {Albert Rizzo and Michael J. Roy and Arno Hartholt and Michelle Costanzo and Krista Beth Highland and Tanja Jovanovic and Seth D. Norrholm and Chris Reist and Barbara Rothbaum and JoAnn Difede},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-66192-6_27},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-66192-6_27},

isbn = {978-3-319-66190-2 978-3-319-66192-6},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-12-01},

booktitle = {Handbook of Military Psychology},

pages = {453–471},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {War is one of the most challenging situations that a human being can encounter. The physical, emotional, cognitive, and psychological demands of a combat environment place tremendous stress on even the most well-prepared military people. It is no surprise that the stressful experiences, characteristics of operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, have produced significant numbers of service members (SMs) and veterans at risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as other psychosocial/behavioral health conditions. For example, as of June 2015, the Defense Medical Surveillance System reported 138,197 active duty SMs had been diagnosed with PTSD (Fischer, 2015). In a meta-analysis of studies published since 2001, 13.2% of infantry service members met the criteria for PTSD, with incidence rising dramatically to 25–30% in units with high levels of direct combat exposure (Kok, Herrell, Thomas, & Hoge, 2012). Moreover, as of early 2013, the prevalence of PTSD among discharged veterans receiving treatment at Veteran Affairs (VA) clinics was reported to be 29% (Fischer, 2013). These findings make a compelling case for a continued focus on developing and enhancing the availability of diverse evidence- based treatment options to address this military behavioral healthcare challenge. One emerging area of research and clinical focus is of the use of Virtual Reality (VR) simulation technology as a tool for delivering evidence-based approaches for the assessment and treatment of PTSD. Although in recent times, the popular media has lavishly reported on VR’s potential impact on all elements of our evolving digital culture, and has created the impression that VR is a novel technology, the reality is that VR is not a new concept, and many of its developmental roots are traceable to the 1980s and 1990s (Schnipper et al., 2015). Moreover, a large scientific literature has emerged over the last 20 years demonstrating the unique and added value that is accrued with the use of VR to address a wide range of clinical health conditions (Rizzo 1994; Rizzo et al., 1997; 2002; 2010; 2014; Rizzo, Cukor et al., 2015). Within that context, the present chapter will summarize the ways that researchers and clinicians have employed VR to create relevant simulations that can be applied to the assessment and treatment of PTSD.},

keywords = {MedVR, UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{bunt_dialogue_2017,

title = {Dialogue Act Annotation with the ISO 24617-2 Standard},

author = {Harry Bunt and Volha Petukhova and David Traum and Jan Alexandersson},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-42816-1_6},

isbn = {978-3-319-42814-7 978-3-319-42816-1},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-11-01},

booktitle = {Multimodal Interaction with W3C Standards},

pages = {109–135},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {This chapter describes recent and ongoing annotation efforts using the ISO 24617-2 standard for dialogue act annotation. Experimental studies are reported on the annotation by human annotators and by annotation machines of some of the specific features of the ISO annotation scheme, such as its multidimensional annotation of communicative functions, the recognition of each of its nine dimensions, and the recognition of dialogue act qualifiers for certainty, conditionality, and sentiment. The construction of corpora of dialogues, annotated according to ISO 24617-2, is discussed, including the recent DBOX and DialogBank corpora.},

keywords = {Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}

@incollection{wang_virtual_2017,

title = {Virtual Role-Play with Rapid Avatars},

author = {Ning Wang and Ari Shapiro and David Schwartz and Gabrielle Lewine and Andrew Wei-Wen Feng},

url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-319-67401-8_59},

isbn = {978-3-319-67400-1 978-3-319-67401-8},

year  = {2017},

date = {2017-08-01},

booktitle = {Intelligent Virtual Agents},

volume = {10498},

pages = {463–466},

publisher = {Springer International Publishing},

address = {Cham, Switzerland},

abstract = {Digital doppelgangers possess great potential to serve as powerful models for behavioral change. An emerging technology, the Rapid Avatar Capture and Simulation (RACAS), enables low-cost and high-speed scanning of a human user and creation of a digital doppelganger that is a fully animatable virtual 3D model of the user. We designed a virtual role-playing game, DELTA, with digital doppelgangers to influence a human user’s attitude to-wards sexism on college campuses. In this demonstration, we will showcase the RACAS system and the DELTA game.},

keywords = {Social Simulation, UARC, Virtual Humans},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {incollection}

}