Publications
Search
61.
Reger, Greg M.; Rizzo, Albert A.; Gahm, Gregory A.
Initial Development and Dissemination of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Combat-Related PTSD Book Section
In: Safir, Marilyn P.; Wallach, Helene S.; Rizzo, Albert "Skip" (Ed.): Future Directions in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, pp. 289–302, Springer US, Boston, MA, 2014, ISBN: 978-1-4899-7521-8 978-1-4899-7522-5.
@incollection{reger_initial_2014,
title = {Initial Development and Dissemination of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Combat-Related PTSD},
author = {Greg M. Reger and Albert A. Rizzo and Gregory A. Gahm},
editor = {Marilyn P. Safir and Helene S. Wallach and Albert "Skip" Rizzo},
url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-1-4899-7522-5_15},
isbn = {978-1-4899-7521-8 978-1-4899-7522-5},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-11-01},
booktitle = {Future Directions in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder},
pages = {289–302},
publisher = {Springer US},
address = {Boston, MA},
abstract = {Military personnel are at risk for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Although effective treatments are available, the need for improved treatment efficacy and less stigmatizing approaches to treatment have resulted in the evolution of virtual reality exposure therapy. This chapter reviews the development and dissemination efforts of a virtual reality system supporting exposure therapy for deployment-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Specifically, the chapter will review the work done to incorporate the feedback of military personnel into the early development of a Virtual Iraq/Afghanistan system and also reviews efforts to disseminate this treatment to military and Veteran behavioral health researchers and providers.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
Military personnel are at risk for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Although effective treatments are available, the need for improved treatment efficacy and less stigmatizing approaches to treatment have resulted in the evolution of virtual reality exposure therapy. This chapter reviews the development and dissemination efforts of a virtual reality system supporting exposure therapy for deployment-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Specifically, the chapter will review the work done to incorporate the feedback of military personnel into the early development of a Virtual Iraq/Afghanistan system and also reviews efforts to disseminate this treatment to military and Veteran behavioral health researchers and providers.
62.
Dehghani, M.; Khooshabeh, P.; Nazarian, A.; Gratch, J.
The Subtlety of Sound: Accent as a Marker for Culture Journal Article
In: Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 2014, ISSN: 0261-927X, 1552-6526.
@article{dehghani_subtlety_2014,
title = {The Subtlety of Sound: Accent as a Marker for Culture},
author = {M. Dehghani and P. Khooshabeh and A. Nazarian and J. Gratch},
url = {http://jls.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/0261927X14551095},
doi = {10.1177/0261927X14551095},
issn = {0261-927X, 1552-6526},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-09-01},
journal = {Journal of Language and Social Psychology},
abstract = {Aspects of language, such as accent, play a crucial role in the formation and categorization of one’s cultural identity. Recent work on accent emphasizes the role of accent in person perception and social categorization, demonstrating that accent also serves as a meaningful indicator of an ethnic category. In this article, we investigate whether the accent of an interaction partner, as a marker for culture, can induce cultural frame-shifts in biculturals. We report the results of three experiments, performed among bicultural and monocultural individuals, in which we test the above hypothesis. Our results demonstrate that accent alone can affect people’s cognition.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Aspects of language, such as accent, play a crucial role in the formation and categorization of one’s cultural identity. Recent work on accent emphasizes the role of accent in person perception and social categorization, demonstrating that accent also serves as a meaningful indicator of an ethnic category. In this article, we investigate whether the accent of an interaction partner, as a marker for culture, can induce cultural frame-shifts in biculturals. We report the results of three experiments, performed among bicultural and monocultural individuals, in which we test the above hypothesis. Our results demonstrate that accent alone can affect people’s cognition.
63.
Khooshabeh, Peter; Dehghani, Morteza; Nazarian, Angela; Gratch, Jonathan
The Cultural Influence Model: When Accented Natural Language Spoken by Virtual Characters Matters Journal Article
In: Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Society, vol. 29, 2013.
@article{khooshabeh_cultural_2013,
title = {The Cultural Influence Model: When Accented Natural Language Spoken by Virtual Characters Matters},
author = {Peter Khooshabeh and Morteza Dehghani and Angela Nazarian and Jonathan Gratch},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/The%20Cultural%20Influence%20Model-%20When%20Accented%20Natural%20Language%20Spoken%20by%20Virtual%20Characters%20Matters.pdf},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-09-01},
journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Society},
volume = {29},
abstract = {Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and computer graphics digital technologies have contributed to a relative increase of realism in virtual characters. Preserving virtual characters’ communicative realism, in particular, joined the ranks of the improvements in natural language technology and animation algorithms. This paper focuses on culturally relevant paralinguistic cues in nonverbal communication. We model the effects of an English speaking digital character with different accents on human interactants (i.e., users). Our cultural influence model proposes that paralinguistic realism, in the form of accented speech, is effective in promoting culturally congruent cognition only when it is self-relevant to users. For example, a Chinese or Middle Eastern English accent may be perceived as foreign to individuals who do not share the same ethnic cultural background with members of those cultures. However, for individuals who are familiar and affiliate with those cultures (i.e., in-group members who are bicultural), accent not only serves as a motif of shared social identity, it also primes them to adopt culturally appropriate interpretive frames that influence their decision making.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and computer graphics digital technologies have contributed to a relative increase of realism in virtual characters. Preserving virtual characters’ communicative realism, in particular, joined the ranks of the improvements in natural language technology and animation algorithms. This paper focuses on culturally relevant paralinguistic cues in nonverbal communication. We model the effects of an English speaking digital character with different accents on human interactants (i.e., users). Our cultural influence model proposes that paralinguistic realism, in the form of accented speech, is effective in promoting culturally congruent cognition only when it is self-relevant to users. For example, a Chinese or Middle Eastern English accent may be perceived as foreign to individuals who do not share the same ethnic cultural background with members of those cultures. However, for individuals who are familiar and affiliate with those cultures (i.e., in-group members who are bicultural), accent not only serves as a motif of shared social identity, it also primes them to adopt culturally appropriate interpretive frames that influence their decision making.
64.
Hart, John; Gratch, Jonathan; Marsella, Stacy C.
How virtual reality training can win friends and influence people Book Section
In: Best, Christopher; Galanis, George; Kerry, James; Sottilare, Robert (Ed.): Fundamental Issues in Defense Training and Simulation, Ashgate, 2013, ISBN: 978-1-4094-4721-4.
@incollection{hart_how_2013,
title = {How virtual reality training can win friends and influence people},
author = {John Hart and Jonathan Gratch and Stacy C. Marsella},
editor = {Christopher Best and George Galanis and James Kerry and Robert Sottilare},
url = {http://www.amazon.com/Fundamental-Defense-Training-Simulation-Factors-ebook/dp/B00EUE2F2I},
isbn = {978-1-4094-4721-4},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-08-01},
booktitle = {Fundamental Issues in Defense Training and Simulation},
publisher = {Ashgate},
series = {Human Factors in Defense},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
65.
Khooshabeh, Peter; Melo, Celso M.; Volkman, Brooks; Gratch, Jonathan; Blascovich, Jim; Carnevale, Peter
Negotiation Strategies with Incongruent Facial Expressions of Emotion Cause Cardiovascular Threat Proceedings Article
In: Cognitive Science, Berlin, Germany, 2013.
@inproceedings{khooshabeh_negotiation_2013,
title = {Negotiation Strategies with Incongruent Facial Expressions of Emotion Cause Cardiovascular Threat},
author = {Peter Khooshabeh and Celso M. Melo and Brooks Volkman and Jonathan Gratch and Jim Blascovich and Peter Carnevale},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Negotiation%20Strategies%20with%20Incongruent%20Facial%20Expressions%20of%20Emotion%20Cause%20Cardiovascular%20Threat.pdf},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-08-01},
booktitle = {Cognitive Science},
address = {Berlin, Germany},
abstract = {Affect is important in motivated performance situations such as negotiation. Longstanding theories of emotion suggest that facial expressions provide enough information to perceive another person’s internal affective state. Alternatively, the contextual emotion hypothesis posits that situational factors bias the perception of emotion in others’ facial displays. This hypothesis predicts that individuals will have different perceptions of the same facial expression depending upon the context in which the expression is displayed. In this study, cardiovascular indexes of motivational states (i.e., challenge vs. threat) were recorded while players engaged in a multi-issue negotiation where the opposing negotiator (confederate) displayed emotional facial expressions (angry vs. happy); the confederate’s negotiation strategy (cooperative vs. competitive) was factorially crossed with his facial expression. During the game, participants’ eye fixations and cardiovascular responses, indexing task engagement and challenge/threat motivation, were recorded. Results indicated that participants playing confederates with incongruent facial expressions (e.g., cooperative strategy, angry face) exhibited a greater threat response, which arises due to increased uncertainty. Eye fixations also suggest that participants look at the face more in order to acquire information to reconcile their uncertainty in the incongruent condition. Taken together, these results suggest that context matters in the perception of emotion.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Affect is important in motivated performance situations such as negotiation. Longstanding theories of emotion suggest that facial expressions provide enough information to perceive another person’s internal affective state. Alternatively, the contextual emotion hypothesis posits that situational factors bias the perception of emotion in others’ facial displays. This hypothesis predicts that individuals will have different perceptions of the same facial expression depending upon the context in which the expression is displayed. In this study, cardiovascular indexes of motivational states (i.e., challenge vs. threat) were recorded while players engaged in a multi-issue negotiation where the opposing negotiator (confederate) displayed emotional facial expressions (angry vs. happy); the confederate’s negotiation strategy (cooperative vs. competitive) was factorially crossed with his facial expression. During the game, participants’ eye fixations and cardiovascular responses, indexing task engagement and challenge/threat motivation, were recorded. Results indicated that participants playing confederates with incongruent facial expressions (e.g., cooperative strategy, angry face) exhibited a greater threat response, which arises due to increased uncertainty. Eye fixations also suggest that participants look at the face more in order to acquire information to reconcile their uncertainty in the incongruent condition. Taken together, these results suggest that context matters in the perception of emotion.
66.
Wang, Yuqiong; Khooshabeh, Peter; Gratch, Jonathan
Looking Real and Making Mistakes Proceedings Article
In: 13th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Humans, Edinburgh, Scotland, 2013.
@inproceedings{wang_looking_2013,
title = {Looking Real and Making Mistakes},
author = {Yuqiong Wang and Peter Khooshabeh and Jonathan Gratch},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Looking%20Real%20and%20Making%20Mistakes.pdf},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-08-01},
booktitle = {13th International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Humans},
address = {Edinburgh, Scotland},
abstract = {What happens when a Virtual Human makes mistakes? In this study we investigate the impact of VHs' conversational mistakes in the context of persuasion. The experiment also manipulated the level of photorealism of the VH. Users interacted with a VH that told persuasive information, and they were given the option to use the information to complete a problem-solving task. The VH occasionally made mistakes such as not responding, repeating the same answer, or giving irrelevant feedback. Results indicated that a VH is less persuasive when he or she makes textbackslashtextbackslashtextbackslashtextbackslashemphconversational mistakes. Individual differences also shed light on the cognitive processes of users who interacted with VH who made conversational errors. Participants with a low Need For Cognition are more effected by the conversational errors. VH photorealism or gender did not have significant effects on the persuasion measure. We discuss the implications of these results with regard to Human-Virtual Human interaction.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
What happens when a Virtual Human makes mistakes? In this study we investigate the impact of VHs' conversational mistakes in the context of persuasion. The experiment also manipulated the level of photorealism of the VH. Users interacted with a VH that told persuasive information, and they were given the option to use the information to complete a problem-solving task. The VH occasionally made mistakes such as not responding, repeating the same answer, or giving irrelevant feedback. Results indicated that a VH is less persuasive when he or she makes textbackslashtextbackslashtextbackslashtextbackslashemphconversational mistakes. Individual differences also shed light on the cognitive processes of users who interacted with VH who made conversational errors. Participants with a low Need For Cognition are more effected by the conversational errors. VH photorealism or gender did not have significant effects on the persuasion measure. We discuss the implications of these results with regard to Human-Virtual Human interaction.
67.
Parsons, Thomas D.; Courtney, Chris; Dawson, Michael E.; Rizzo, Albert; Arizmendi, Brian
Visuospatial Processing and Learning Effects in Virtual Reality Based Mental Rotation and Navigational Tasks Proceedings Article
In: International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, Las Vegas, NV, 2013.
@inproceedings{parsons_visuospatial_2013,
title = {Visuospatial Processing and Learning Effects in Virtual Reality Based Mental Rotation and Navigational Tasks},
author = {Thomas D. Parsons and Chris Courtney and Michael E. Dawson and Albert Rizzo and Brian Arizmendi},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Visuospatial%20Processing%20and%20Learning%20Effects%20in%20Virtual%20Reality%20Based%20Mental%20Rotation%20and%20Navigational%20Tasks.pdf},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-07-01},
booktitle = {International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction},
address = {Las Vegas, NV},
abstract = {Visuospatial function and performance in interactions between humans and computers involve the human identification and manipulation of computer generated stimuli and their location. The impact of learning on mental rotation has been demonstrated in studies relating everyday spatial activities and spatial abilities. An aspect of visuospatial learning in virtual environments that has not been widely studied is the impact of threat on learning in a navigational task. In fact, to our knowledge, the combined assessment of learning during mental rotation trials and learning in an ecologically valid virtual reality-based navigational environment (that has both high and low threat zones) has not been adequately studied. Results followed expectation: 1) learning occurred in the virtual reality based mental rotation test. Although there was a relation between route learning and practice, a primacy effect was observed as participants performed more poorly when going from the first zone to the last.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Visuospatial function and performance in interactions between humans and computers involve the human identification and manipulation of computer generated stimuli and their location. The impact of learning on mental rotation has been demonstrated in studies relating everyday spatial activities and spatial abilities. An aspect of visuospatial learning in virtual environments that has not been widely studied is the impact of threat on learning in a navigational task. In fact, to our knowledge, the combined assessment of learning during mental rotation trials and learning in an ecologically valid virtual reality-based navigational environment (that has both high and low threat zones) has not been adequately studied. Results followed expectation: 1) learning occurred in the virtual reality based mental rotation test. Although there was a relation between route learning and practice, a primacy effect was observed as participants performed more poorly when going from the first zone to the last.
68.
Hatch, Henry J.; Cherry, W. Peter; Glimcher, Paul W.; Hill, Randall W.; Keesee, Robin L.; Kieff, Elliot D.; Macmillan, Jean; Melvin, William L.; Paul, Richard R.; Pew, Richard; Rose, M. Frank; Sciarretta, Albert A.; Speed, Ann; Yakovac, Joseph
Making the Soldier Decisive on Future Battlefields Book
National Academies Press, Washington D.C., 2013.
@book{hatch_making_2013,
title = {Making the Soldier Decisive on Future Battlefields},
author = {Henry J. Hatch and W. Peter Cherry and Paul W. Glimcher and Randall W. Hill and Robin L. Keesee and Elliot D. Kieff and Jean Macmillan and William L. Melvin and Richard R. Paul and Richard Pew and M. Frank Rose and Albert A. Sciarretta and Ann Speed and Joseph Yakovac},
url = {http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=18321},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-05-01},
publisher = {National Academies Press},
address = {Washington D.C.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
69.
Rizzo, Albert; Buckwalter, John Galen; Forbell, Eric; Reist, Chris; Difede, JoAnn; Rothbaum, Barbara O.; Lange, Belinda; Koenig, Sebastian; Talbot, Thomas
Virtual Reality Applications to Address the Wounds of War Journal Article
In: Psychiatric Annals, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 123–138, 2013.
@article{rizzo_virtual_2013-2,
title = {Virtual Reality Applications to Address the Wounds of War},
author = {Albert Rizzo and John Galen Buckwalter and Eric Forbell and Chris Reist and JoAnn Difede and Barbara O. Rothbaum and Belinda Lange and Sebastian Koenig and Thomas Talbot},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Virtual%20Reality%20Applications%20to%20Address%20the%20Wounds%20of%20War.pdf},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-03-01},
journal = {Psychiatric Annals},
volume = {43},
number = {3},
pages = {123–138},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
70.
Rizzo, Albert; Difede, JoAnn; Rothbaum, Barbara O.; Daughtry, J. Martin; Reger, Greg
Virtual Reality as a Tool for Delivering PTSD Exposure Therapy Book Section
In: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Future Directions in Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment, Springer, 2013.
@incollection{rizzo_virtual_2013,
title = {Virtual Reality as a Tool for Delivering PTSD Exposure Therapy},
author = {Albert Rizzo and JoAnn Difede and Barbara O. Rothbaum and J. Martin Daughtry and Greg Reger},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Virtual%20Reality%20as%20a%20Tool%20for%20Delivering%20PTSD%20Exposure%20Therapy.pdf},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
booktitle = {Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Future Directions in Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment},
publisher = {Springer},
abstract = {Virtual Reality (VR) technology offers new opportunities for the development of innovative assessment and intervention tools. VR-based testing, training, and treatment approaches that would be difficult, if not impossible, to deliver using traditional methods are now being developed that take advantage of the assets available with VR technology. If empirical studies continue to demonstrate effectiveness, VR applications could provide new options for targeting the cognitive, psychological, motor and functional impairments that result from various psychological and physical disorders and conditions. VR allows for the precise presentation and control of stimuli within dynamic multi-sensory 3D computer generated environments, as well as providing advanced methods for capturing and quantifying behavioral responses. These characteristics serve as the basis for the rationale for VR applications in the clinical assessment, intervention and training domains. This chapter will begin with a brief review of the history and rationale for the use of VR with clinical populations followed by a description of the technology for creating and using VR clinically. The chapter will then focus on reviewing the rationale for VR Exposure Therapy (VRET) applied to Anxiety Disorders. The use of VRET for the treatment of PTSD will then be detailed followed by a description of the Virtual Iraq/Afghanistan VRET system and the results from its use with OEF/OIF Service Members and Veterans.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
Virtual Reality (VR) technology offers new opportunities for the development of innovative assessment and intervention tools. VR-based testing, training, and treatment approaches that would be difficult, if not impossible, to deliver using traditional methods are now being developed that take advantage of the assets available with VR technology. If empirical studies continue to demonstrate effectiveness, VR applications could provide new options for targeting the cognitive, psychological, motor and functional impairments that result from various psychological and physical disorders and conditions. VR allows for the precise presentation and control of stimuli within dynamic multi-sensory 3D computer generated environments, as well as providing advanced methods for capturing and quantifying behavioral responses. These characteristics serve as the basis for the rationale for VR applications in the clinical assessment, intervention and training domains. This chapter will begin with a brief review of the history and rationale for the use of VR with clinical populations followed by a description of the technology for creating and using VR clinically. The chapter will then focus on reviewing the rationale for VR Exposure Therapy (VRET) applied to Anxiety Disorders. The use of VRET for the treatment of PTSD will then be detailed followed by a description of the Virtual Iraq/Afghanistan VRET system and the results from its use with OEF/OIF Service Members and Veterans.
71.
Gahm, Gregory; Reger, Greg; Ingram, Mary V.; Reger, Mark; Rizzo, Albert
A Multisite, Randomized Clinical Trial of Virtual Reality and Prolonged Exposure Therapy for Active Duty Soldiers with PTSD Technical Report
no. A611975, 2012.
@techreport{gahm_multisite_2012,
title = {A Multisite, Randomized Clinical Trial of Virtual Reality and Prolonged Exposure Therapy for Active Duty Soldiers with PTSD},
author = {Gregory Gahm and Greg Reger and Mary V. Ingram and Mark Reger and Albert Rizzo},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/A%20Multisite,%20Randomized%20Clinical%20Trial%20of%20Virtual%20Reality%20and%20Prolonged%20Exposure%20Therapy%20for%20Active%20Duty%20Soldiers%20with%20PTSD.pdf},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-12-01},
number = {A611975},
abstract = {This randomized, single blind study extends recruitment to an additional active duty site (Womack Army Medical Center at Ft Bragg) in support of a previously funded clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) and prolonged exposure therapy (PE) with a waitlist (WL) group in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in active duty (AD) Soldiers with combat-related trauma. During the first year, the study team developed the infrastructure to implement the trial including personnel recruitment, hiring, and initial training, process development to identify, screen, and enroll participants, and research protocol development and approval by IRB s. During the second year hiring of clinical staff and training of the study team was completed. Recruitment and enrollment commenced.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
This randomized, single blind study extends recruitment to an additional active duty site (Womack Army Medical Center at Ft Bragg) in support of a previously funded clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) and prolonged exposure therapy (PE) with a waitlist (WL) group in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in active duty (AD) Soldiers with combat-related trauma. During the first year, the study team developed the infrastructure to implement the trial including personnel recruitment, hiring, and initial training, process development to identify, screen, and enroll participants, and research protocol development and approval by IRB s. During the second year hiring of clinical staff and training of the study team was completed. Recruitment and enrollment commenced.
72.
Leaman, Suzanne; Rothbaum, Barbara O.; Difede, JoAnn; Cukor, Judith; Gerardi, Maryrose; Rizzo, Albert
Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: A Treatment Manual for Combat Related PTSD Book Section
In: Handbook of Military Social Work, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2012.
@incollection{leaman_virtual_2012,
title = {Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy: A Treatment Manual for Combat Related PTSD},
author = {Suzanne Leaman and Barbara O. Rothbaum and JoAnn Difede and Judith Cukor and Maryrose Gerardi and Albert Rizzo},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Virtual%20Reality%20Exposure%20Therapy-%20A%20Treatment%20Manual%20for%20Combat%20Related%20PTSD.pdf},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-12-01},
booktitle = {Handbook of Military Social Work},
publisher = {John Wiley & Sons, Inc.},
address = {Hoboken, NJ},
abstract = {Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic condition that occurs in a significant minority of persons who experience life-threatening traumatic events. It is characterized by reexperiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptoms (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). PTSD has been estimated to affect up to 18% of returning Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) Veterans (Hoge et al., 2004). In addition to the specific conditions in Iraq and Afghanistan, an unprecedented number are now surviving serious wounds (Blimes, 2007). The stigma of treatment often prevents service members (SMs) and veterans from seeking help (Hoge et al., 2004), so finding an acceptable form of treatment for military personnel is a priority. The current generation of military personnel may be more comfortable participating in a virtual reality treatment approach than in traditional talk therapy, as they are likely familiar with gaming and training simulation technology. This chapter provides information on the development of and research on virtual reality (VR) as well as the application of VR to mental health treatments, including a protocol of virtual reality exposure (VRE) utilizing a virtual Iraq/Afghanistan system for combat-related PTSD.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic condition that occurs in a significant minority of persons who experience life-threatening traumatic events. It is characterized by reexperiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptoms (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). PTSD has been estimated to affect up to 18% of returning Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) Veterans (Hoge et al., 2004). In addition to the specific conditions in Iraq and Afghanistan, an unprecedented number are now surviving serious wounds (Blimes, 2007). The stigma of treatment often prevents service members (SMs) and veterans from seeking help (Hoge et al., 2004), so finding an acceptable form of treatment for military personnel is a priority. The current generation of military personnel may be more comfortable participating in a virtual reality treatment approach than in traditional talk therapy, as they are likely familiar with gaming and training simulation technology. This chapter provides information on the development of and research on virtual reality (VR) as well as the application of VR to mental health treatments, including a protocol of virtual reality exposure (VRE) utilizing a virtual Iraq/Afghanistan system for combat-related PTSD.
73.
Khooshabeh, Peter; Hegarty, Mary; Shipley, Thomas F.
Individual Differences in Mental Rotation Journal Article
In: Experimental Psychology, vol. 59, 2012.
@article{khooshabeh_individual_2012,
title = {Individual Differences in Mental Rotation},
author = {Peter Khooshabeh and Mary Hegarty and Thomas F. Shipley},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Individual%20Differences%20in%20Mental%20Rotation.pdf},
year = {2012},
date = {2012-11-01},
journal = {Experimental Psychology},
volume = {59},
abstract = {Two experiments tested the hypothesis that imagery ability and figural complexity interact to affect the choice of mental rotation strategies. Participants performed the Shepard and Metzler (1971) mental rotation task. On half of the trials, the 3-D figures were manipulated to create "fragmented" figures, with some cubes missing. Good imagers were less accurate and had longer response times on fragmented figures than on complete figures. Poor imagers performed similarly on fragmented and complete figures. These results suggest that good imagers use holistic mental rotation strategies by default, but switch to alternative strategies depending on task demands, whereas poor imagers are less flexible and use piecemeal strategies regardless of the task demands.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Two experiments tested the hypothesis that imagery ability and figural complexity interact to affect the choice of mental rotation strategies. Participants performed the Shepard and Metzler (1971) mental rotation task. On half of the trials, the 3-D figures were manipulated to create "fragmented" figures, with some cubes missing. Good imagers were less accurate and had longer response times on fragmented figures than on complete figures. Poor imagers performed similarly on fragmented and complete figures. These results suggest that good imagers use holistic mental rotation strategies by default, but switch to alternative strategies depending on task demands, whereas poor imagers are less flexible and use piecemeal strategies regardless of the task demands.
Filter
Sorry, no publications matched your criteria.