Publications
Search
2001.
Gratch, Jonathan; Marsella, Stacy C.
A Domain-independent Framework for Modeling Emotion Journal Article
In: Journal of Cognitive Systems Research, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 269–306, 2004.
@article{gratch_domain-independent_2004,
title = {A Domain-independent Framework for Modeling Emotion},
author = {Jonathan Gratch and Stacy C. Marsella},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/A%20Domain-independent%20Framework%20for%20Modeling%20Emotion.pdf},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Cognitive Systems Research},
volume = {5},
number = {4},
pages = {269–306},
abstract = {In this article, we show how psychological theories of emotion shed light on the interaction between emotion and cognition, and thus can inform the design of human-like autonomous agents that must convey these core aspects of human behavior. We lay out a general computational framework of appraisal and coping as a central organizing principle for such systems. We then discuss a detailed domain-independent model based on this framework, illustrating how it has been applied to the problem of generating behavior for a significant social training application. The model is useful not only for deriving emotional state, but also for informing a number of the behaviors that must be modeled by virtual humans such as facial expressions, dialogue management, planning, reacting, and social understanding. Thus, the work is of potential interest to models of strategic decision-making, action selection, facial animation, and social intelligence.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
In this article, we show how psychological theories of emotion shed light on the interaction between emotion and cognition, and thus can inform the design of human-like autonomous agents that must convey these core aspects of human behavior. We lay out a general computational framework of appraisal and coping as a central organizing principle for such systems. We then discuss a detailed domain-independent model based on this framework, illustrating how it has been applied to the problem of generating behavior for a significant social training application. The model is useful not only for deriving emotional state, but also for informing a number of the behaviors that must be modeled by virtual humans such as facial expressions, dialogue management, planning, reacting, and social understanding. Thus, the work is of potential interest to models of strategic decision-making, action selection, facial animation, and social intelligence.
2002.
Hawkins, Tim; Wenger, Andreas; Tchou, Chris; Gardner, Andrew; Goransson, Fredrik; Debevec, Paul
Animatable Facial Reflectance Fields Proceedings Article
In: Eurographics Symposium on Rendering, Norkoping, Sweden, 2004.
@inproceedings{hawkins_animatable_2004,
title = {Animatable Facial Reflectance Fields},
author = {Tim Hawkins and Andreas Wenger and Chris Tchou and Andrew Gardner and Fredrik Goransson and Paul Debevec},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Animatable%20Facial%20Re%EF%AC%82ectance%20Fields.pdf},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
booktitle = {Eurographics Symposium on Rendering},
address = {Norkoping, Sweden},
abstract = {We present a technique for creating an animatable image-based appearance model of a human face, able to capture appearance variation over changing facial expression, head pose, view direction, and lighting condition. Our capture process makes use of a specialized lighting apparatus designed to rapidly illuminate the subject sequentially from many different directions in just a few seconds. For each pose, the subject remains still while six video cameras capture their appearance under each of the directions of lighting. We repeat this process for approximately 60 different poses, capturing different expressions, visemes, head poses, and eye positions. The images for each of the poses and camera views are registered to each other semi-automatically with the help of fiducial markers. The result is a model which can be rendered realistically under any linear blend of the captured poses and under any desired lighting condition by warping, scaling, and blending data from the original images. Finally, we show how to drive the model with performance capture data, where the pose is not necessarily a linear combination of the original captured poses.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
We present a technique for creating an animatable image-based appearance model of a human face, able to capture appearance variation over changing facial expression, head pose, view direction, and lighting condition. Our capture process makes use of a specialized lighting apparatus designed to rapidly illuminate the subject sequentially from many different directions in just a few seconds. For each pose, the subject remains still while six video cameras capture their appearance under each of the directions of lighting. We repeat this process for approximately 60 different poses, capturing different expressions, visemes, head poses, and eye positions. The images for each of the poses and camera views are registered to each other semi-automatically with the help of fiducial markers. The result is a model which can be rendered realistically under any linear blend of the captured poses and under any desired lighting condition by warping, scaling, and blending data from the original images. Finally, we show how to drive the model with performance capture data, where the pose is not necessarily a linear combination of the original captured poses.
2003.
Gordon, Andrew S.
Strategy Representation: An Analysis of Planning Knowledge Book
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates/Psychology Press, Mahwah, NJ, 2004, ISBN: 0-8058-4527-5.
@book{gordon_strategy_2004,
title = {Strategy Representation: An Analysis of Planning Knowledge},
author = {Andrew S. Gordon},
url = {http://people.ict.usc.edu/ gordon/sr.html},
isbn = {0-8058-4527-5},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum Associates/Psychology Press},
address = {Mahwah, NJ},
abstract = {Strategy Representation: An Analysis of Planning Knowledge describes an innovative methodology for investigating the conceptual structures that underlie human reasoning. This work explores the nature of planning strategies-the abstract patterns of planning behavior that people recognize across a broad range of real world situations. With a sense of scale that is rarely seen in the cognitive sciences, this book catalogs 372 strategies across 10 different planning domains: business practices, education, object counting, Machiavellian politics, warfare, scientific discovery, personal relationships, musical performance, and the anthropomorphic strategies of animal behavior and cellular immunology. Noting that strategies often serve as the basis for analogies that people draw across planning situations, this work attempts to explain these analogies by defining the fundamental concepts that are common across all instances of each strategy. By aggregating evidence from each of the strategy definitions provided, the representational requirements of strategic planning are identified. The important finding is that the concepts that underlie strategic reasoning are of incredibly broad scope. Nearly 1,000 fundamental concepts are identified, covering every existing area of knowledge representation research and many areas that have not yet been adequately formalized, particularly those related to common sense understanding of mental states and processes. An organization of these concepts into 48 fundamental areas of knowledge and representation is provided, offering an invaluable roadmap for progress within the field.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
Strategy Representation: An Analysis of Planning Knowledge describes an innovative methodology for investigating the conceptual structures that underlie human reasoning. This work explores the nature of planning strategies-the abstract patterns of planning behavior that people recognize across a broad range of real world situations. With a sense of scale that is rarely seen in the cognitive sciences, this book catalogs 372 strategies across 10 different planning domains: business practices, education, object counting, Machiavellian politics, warfare, scientific discovery, personal relationships, musical performance, and the anthropomorphic strategies of animal behavior and cellular immunology. Noting that strategies often serve as the basis for analogies that people draw across planning situations, this work attempts to explain these analogies by defining the fundamental concepts that are common across all instances of each strategy. By aggregating evidence from each of the strategy definitions provided, the representational requirements of strategic planning are identified. The important finding is that the concepts that underlie strategic reasoning are of incredibly broad scope. Nearly 1,000 fundamental concepts are identified, covering every existing area of knowledge representation research and many areas that have not yet been adequately formalized, particularly those related to common sense understanding of mental states and processes. An organization of these concepts into 48 fundamental areas of knowledge and representation is provided, offering an invaluable roadmap for progress within the field.
2004.
Gordon, Andrew S.; Lent, Michael; Velson, Martin; Carpenter, Paul; Jhala, Arnav
Branching Storylines in Virtual Reality Environments for Leadership Development Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 16th Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference (IAAI-04), pp. 844–851, AAAI Press, San Jose, CA, 2004.
@inproceedings{gordon_branching_2004,
title = {Branching Storylines in Virtual Reality Environments for Leadership Development},
author = {Andrew S. Gordon and Michael Lent and Martin Velson and Paul Carpenter and Arnav Jhala},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Branching%20Storylines%20in%20Virtual%20Reality%20Environments%20for%20Leadership%20Development.pdf},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference (IAAI-04)},
pages = {844–851},
publisher = {AAAI Press},
address = {San Jose, CA},
abstract = {Simulation-based training is increasingly being used within the military to practice and develop the skills of successful soldiers. For the skills associated with successful military leadership, our inability to model human behavior to the necessary degree of fidelity in constructive simulations requires that new interactive designs be developed. The ICT Leaders project supports leadership development through the use of branching storylines realized within a virtual reality environment. Trainees assume a role in a fictional scenario, where the decisions that they make in this environment ultimately affect the success of a mission. All trainee decisions are made in the context of natural language conversations with virtual characters. The ICT Leaders project advances a new form of interactive training by incorporating a suite of Artificial Intelligence technologies, including control architectures, agents of mixed autonomy, and natural language processing algorithms.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Simulation-based training is increasingly being used within the military to practice and develop the skills of successful soldiers. For the skills associated with successful military leadership, our inability to model human behavior to the necessary degree of fidelity in constructive simulations requires that new interactive designs be developed. The ICT Leaders project supports leadership development through the use of branching storylines realized within a virtual reality environment. Trainees assume a role in a fictional scenario, where the decisions that they make in this environment ultimately affect the success of a mission. All trainee decisions are made in the context of natural language conversations with virtual characters. The ICT Leaders project advances a new form of interactive training by incorporating a suite of Artificial Intelligence technologies, including control architectures, agents of mixed autonomy, and natural language processing algorithms.
2005.
Muller, T. J.
Everything in perspective Technical Report
University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies Marina del Rey, CA, no. ICT TR 03.2004, 2004.
@techreport{muller_everything_2004,
title = {Everything in perspective},
author = {T. J. Muller},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Everything%20in%20perspective.pdf},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
number = {ICT TR 03.2004},
address = {Marina del Rey, CA},
institution = {University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
2006.
Huang, Hesu; Kyriakakis, Chris
Real-valued Delayless Subband Affine Projection Algorithm for Acoustic Echo Cancellation Proceedings Article
In: Conference Record of the Thirty-Eighth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers, pp. 259–262, Pacific Grove, CA, 2004, ISBN: 0-7803-8622-1.
@inproceedings{huang_real-valued_2004,
title = {Real-valued Delayless Subband Affine Projection Algorithm for Acoustic Echo Cancellation},
author = {Hesu Huang and Chris Kyriakakis},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Real-valued%20Delayless%20Subband%20Affine%20Projection%20Algorithm%20for%20Acoustic%20Echo%20Cancellation.pdf},
doi = {10.1109/ACSSC.2004.1399131},
isbn = {0-7803-8622-1},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
booktitle = {Conference Record of the Thirty-Eighth Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers},
volume = {1},
pages = {259–262},
address = {Pacific Grove, CA},
abstract = {Acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) often involves adaptive filters with large numbers of taps, which results in poor performance in real-time applications. The utilization of delayless subband adaptive filter (DSAF) helps reduce computations and improve the overall performance. However, conventional oversampled subband adaptive filters mainly use DFT or GDFT based analysts/synthesis filter banks and generate "complex-valued" subband signals. This is particularly inefficient when applying the affine projection algorithm (APA), a popular adaptive algorithm for AEC problem, to each subband. For APA implementation, real-valued signals show higher efficiency than complex signals. In this paper, we present a real-valued delayless subband APA and study both its computational complexity and performance on AEC problems. Compared to the complex valued approach, our method achieves a better performance with lower computational cost.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) often involves adaptive filters with large numbers of taps, which results in poor performance in real-time applications. The utilization of delayless subband adaptive filter (DSAF) helps reduce computations and improve the overall performance. However, conventional oversampled subband adaptive filters mainly use DFT or GDFT based analysts/synthesis filter banks and generate "complex-valued" subband signals. This is particularly inefficient when applying the affine projection algorithm (APA), a popular adaptive algorithm for AEC problem, to each subband. For APA implementation, real-valued signals show higher efficiency than complex signals. In this paper, we present a real-valued delayless subband APA and study both its computational complexity and performance on AEC problems. Compared to the complex valued approach, our method achieves a better performance with lower computational cost.
2007.
Debevec, Paul; Tchou, Chris; Gardner, Andrew; Hawkins, Tim; Poullis, Charis; Stumpfel, Jessi; Jones, Andrew; Yun, Nathaniel; Einarsson, Per; Lundgren, Therese; Fajardo, Marcos; Martinez, Philippe
Estimating Surface Reflectance Properties of a Complex Scene under Captured Natural Illumination Technical Report
University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies no. ICT TR 06 2004, 2004.
@techreport{debevec_estimating_2004,
title = {Estimating Surface Reflectance Properties of a Complex Scene under Captured Natural Illumination},
author = {Paul Debevec and Chris Tchou and Andrew Gardner and Tim Hawkins and Charis Poullis and Jessi Stumpfel and Andrew Jones and Nathaniel Yun and Per Einarsson and Therese Lundgren and Marcos Fajardo and Philippe Martinez},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/ICT-TR-06.2004.pdf},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
number = {ICT TR 06 2004},
institution = {University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies},
abstract = {We present a process for estimating spatially-varying surface re- flectance of a complex scene observed under natural illumination conditions. The process uses a laser-scanned model of the scene's geometry, a set of digital images viewing the scene's surfaces under a variety of natural illumination conditions, and a set of correspond- ing measurements of the scene's incident illumination in each pho- tograph. The process then employs an iterative inverse global illu- mination technique to compute surface colors for the scene which, when rendered under the recorded illumination conditions, best re- produce the scene's appearance in the photographs. In our process we measure BRDFs of representative surfaces in the scene to better model the non-Lambertian surface reflectance. Our process uses a novel lighting measurement apparatus to record the full dynamic range of both sunlit and cloudy natural illumination conditions. We employ Monte-Carlo global illumination, multiresolution geome- try, and a texture atlas system to perform inverse global illumina- tion on the scene. The result is a lighting-independent model of the scene that can be re-illuminated under any form of lighting. We demonstrate the process on a real-world archaeological site, show- ing that the technique can produce novel illumination renderings consistent with real photographs as well as reflectance properties that are consistent with ground-truth reflectance measurements.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
We present a process for estimating spatially-varying surface re- flectance of a complex scene observed under natural illumination conditions. The process uses a laser-scanned model of the scene's geometry, a set of digital images viewing the scene's surfaces under a variety of natural illumination conditions, and a set of correspond- ing measurements of the scene's incident illumination in each pho- tograph. The process then employs an iterative inverse global illu- mination technique to compute surface colors for the scene which, when rendered under the recorded illumination conditions, best re- produce the scene's appearance in the photographs. In our process we measure BRDFs of representative surfaces in the scene to better model the non-Lambertian surface reflectance. Our process uses a novel lighting measurement apparatus to record the full dynamic range of both sunlit and cloudy natural illumination conditions. We employ Monte-Carlo global illumination, multiresolution geome- try, and a texture atlas system to perform inverse global illumina- tion on the scene. The result is a lighting-independent model of the scene that can be re-illuminated under any form of lighting. We demonstrate the process on a real-world archaeological site, show- ing that the technique can produce novel illumination renderings consistent with real photographs as well as reflectance properties that are consistent with ground-truth reflectance measurements.
2008.
Traum, David; Marsella, Stacy C.; Gratch, Jonathan
Emotion and Dialogue in the MRE Virtual Humans Proceedings Article
In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 117–127, Kloster Irsee, Germany, 2004.
@inproceedings{traum_emotion_2004,
title = {Emotion and Dialogue in the MRE Virtual Humans},
author = {David Traum and Stacy C. Marsella and Jonathan Gratch},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Emotion%20and%20Dialogue%20in%20the%20MRE%20Virtual%20Humans.pdf},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
booktitle = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
volume = {3068},
pages = {117–127},
address = {Kloster Irsee, Germany},
abstract = {We describe the emotion and dialogue aspects of the virtual agents used in the MRE project at USC. The models of emotion and dialogue started independently, though each makes crucial use of a central task model. In this paper we describe the task model, dialogue model, and emotion model, and the interactions between them.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
We describe the emotion and dialogue aspects of the virtual agents used in the MRE project at USC. The models of emotion and dialogue started independently, though each makes crucial use of a central task model. In this paper we describe the task model, dialogue model, and emotion model, and the interactions between them.
2009.
Narayanan, Shrikanth; Ananthakrishnan, S.; Belvin, R.; Ettaile, E.; Gandhe, Sudeep; Ganjavi, S.; Georgiou, Panayiotis G.; Hein, C. M.; Kadambe, S.; Knight, K.; Marcu, D.; Neely, H. E.; Srinivasamurthy, Naveen; Wang, Dagen
The Transonics Spoken Dialogue Translator: An aid for English-Persian Doctor-Patient interviews Proceedings Article
In: Working Notes of the AAAI Fall Symposium on Dialogue Systems for Health Communication, 2004.
@inproceedings{narayanan_transonics_2004,
title = {The Transonics Spoken Dialogue Translator: An aid for English-Persian Doctor-Patient interviews},
author = {Shrikanth Narayanan and S. Ananthakrishnan and R. Belvin and E. Ettaile and Sudeep Gandhe and S. Ganjavi and Panayiotis G. Georgiou and C. M. Hein and S. Kadambe and K. Knight and D. Marcu and H. E. Neely and Naveen Srinivasamurthy and Dagen Wang},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/The%20Transonics%20Spoken%20Dialogue%20Translator-%20An%20aid%20for%20English-Persian%20Doctor-Patient%20interviews.pdf},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
booktitle = {Working Notes of the AAAI Fall Symposium on Dialogue Systems for Health Communication},
abstract = {In this paper we describe our spoken english-persian medical dialogue translation system. We describe the data collection effort and give an overview of the component technologies, including speech recognition, translation, dialogue management, and user interface design. The individual modules and system are designed for flexibility, and to be able to leverage different amounts of available resources to maximize the ability for communication between medical care-giver and patient.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In this paper we describe our spoken english-persian medical dialogue translation system. We describe the data collection effort and give an overview of the component technologies, including speech recognition, translation, dialogue management, and user interface design. The individual modules and system are designed for flexibility, and to be able to leverage different amounts of available resources to maximize the ability for communication between medical care-giver and patient.
2010.
Parsons, Thomas D.; Thompson, E.; Buckwalter, John Galen; Bluestein, Brendon
Pregnancy History and Cognition During and After Pregnancy Journal Article
In: International Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 114, pp. 1099–1110, 2004, ISSN: 0020-7454.
@article{parsons_pregnancy_2004,
title = {Pregnancy History and Cognition During and After Pregnancy},
author = {Thomas D. Parsons and E. Thompson and John Galen Buckwalter and Brendon Bluestein},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Pregnancy%20History%20and%20Cognition%20During%20and%20After%20Pregnancy.pdf},
doi = {10.1080/00207450490475544},
issn = {0020-7454},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Neuroscience},
volume = {114},
pages = {1099–1110},
abstract = {An increasing body of literature confirms anecdotal reports that cognitive changes occur during pregnancy. This article assessed whether prior pregnancy, which alters a woman's subsequent hormonal environment, is associated with a specific cognitive profile during and after pregnancy. Seven primigravids and nine multigravids were compared, equivalent for age and education. No differences between groups were found during pregnancy. After delivery, multigravids performed better than primigravids on verbal memory tasks. After controlling for mood, a significant difference in verbal memory remained. A neuroadaptive mechanism may develop after first pregnancy that increases the ability to recover from some cognitive deficits after later pregnancies.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
An increasing body of literature confirms anecdotal reports that cognitive changes occur during pregnancy. This article assessed whether prior pregnancy, which alters a woman's subsequent hormonal environment, is associated with a specific cognitive profile during and after pregnancy. Seven primigravids and nine multigravids were compared, equivalent for age and education. No differences between groups were found during pregnancy. After delivery, multigravids performed better than primigravids on verbal memory tasks. After controlling for mood, a significant difference in verbal memory remained. A neuroadaptive mechanism may develop after first pregnancy that increases the ability to recover from some cognitive deficits after later pregnancies.
2011.
Hartholt, Arno; Muller, T. J.
Interaction on Emotions Technical Report
University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies Marina del Rey, CA, no. ICT TR 02.2004, 2004.
@techreport{hartholt_interaction_2004,
title = {Interaction on Emotions},
author = {Arno Hartholt and T. J. Muller},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Interaction%20on%20emotions.pdf},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
number = {ICT TR 02.2004},
address = {Marina del Rey, CA},
institution = {University of Southern California Institute for Creative Technologies},
abstract = {This report describes the addition of an emotion dialogue to the Mission Rehearsal Exercise (MRE) system. The goal of the MRE system is to provide an immersive learning environment for army officer recruits. The user can engage in conversation with several intelligent agents in order to accomplish the goals within a certain scenario. Although these agents did already posses emotions, they were unable to express them verbally. A question - answer dialogue has been implemented to this purpose. The implementation makes use of proposition states for modelling knowledge, keyword scanning for natural language understanding and templates for natural language generation. The system is implemented using Soar and TCL. An agent can understand emotion related questions in four different domains, type, intensity, state, and the combination of responsible-agent and blameworthiness. Some limitations arise due to the techniques used and to the relative short time frame in which the assignment was to be executed. Main issues are that the existing natural language understanding and generation modules could not be fully used, that very little context about the conversation is available and that the emotion states simplify the emotional state of an agent. These limitations and other thoughts give rise to the following recommendations for further work: * Make full use of references. * Use coping strategies for generating agent's utterances. * Use focus mechanisms for generating agent's utterances. * Extend known utterances. * Use NLU and NLG module. * Use emotion dialogue and states to influence emotions. * Fix known bugs.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
This report describes the addition of an emotion dialogue to the Mission Rehearsal Exercise (MRE) system. The goal of the MRE system is to provide an immersive learning environment for army officer recruits. The user can engage in conversation with several intelligent agents in order to accomplish the goals within a certain scenario. Although these agents did already posses emotions, they were unable to express them verbally. A question - answer dialogue has been implemented to this purpose. The implementation makes use of proposition states for modelling knowledge, keyword scanning for natural language understanding and templates for natural language generation. The system is implemented using Soar and TCL. An agent can understand emotion related questions in four different domains, type, intensity, state, and the combination of responsible-agent and blameworthiness. Some limitations arise due to the techniques used and to the relative short time frame in which the assignment was to be executed. Main issues are that the existing natural language understanding and generation modules could not be fully used, that very little context about the conversation is available and that the emotion states simplify the emotional state of an agent. These limitations and other thoughts give rise to the following recommendations for further work: * Make full use of references. * Use coping strategies for generating agent's utterances. * Use focus mechanisms for generating agent's utterances. * Extend known utterances. * Use NLU and NLG module. * Use emotion dialogue and states to influence emotions. * Fix known bugs.
2012.
Gordon, Andrew S.
The Representation of Planning Strategies Journal Article
In: Artificial Intelligence, vol. 153, pp. 287–305, 2004.
@article{gordon_representation_2004,
title = {The Representation of Planning Strategies},
author = {Andrew S. Gordon},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/The%20Representation%20of%20Planning%20Strategies.PDF},
year = {2004},
date = {2004-01-01},
journal = {Artificial Intelligence},
volume = {153},
pages = {287–305},
abstract = {An analysis of strategies, recognizable abstract patterns of planned behavior, highlights the difference between the assumptions that people make about their own planning processes and the representational commitments made in current automated planning systems. This article describes a project to collect and represent strategies on a large scale to identify the representational components of our commonsense understanding of intentional action. Three hundred and seventy-two strategies were collected from ten different planning domains. Each was represented in a pre-formal manner designed to reveal the assumptions that these strategies make concerning the human planning process. The contents of these representations, consisting of nearly one thousand unique concepts, were then collected and organized into forty-eight groups that outline the representational requirements of strategic planning systems.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
An analysis of strategies, recognizable abstract patterns of planned behavior, highlights the difference between the assumptions that people make about their own planning processes and the representational commitments made in current automated planning systems. This article describes a project to collect and represent strategies on a large scale to identify the representational components of our commonsense understanding of intentional action. Three hundred and seventy-two strategies were collected from ten different planning domains. Each was represented in a pre-formal manner designed to reveal the assumptions that these strategies make concerning the human planning process. The contents of these representations, consisting of nearly one thousand unique concepts, were then collected and organized into forty-eight groups that outline the representational requirements of strategic planning systems.
2013.
Narayanan, Shrikanth; Ananthakrishnan, S.; Belvin, R.; Ettaile, E.; Ganjavi, S.; Georgiou, Panayiotis G.; Hein, C. M.; Kadambe, S.; Knight, K.; Marcu, D.; Neely, H. E.; Srinivasamurthy, Naveen; Traum, David; Wang, D.
Transonics: A Speech to Speech System for English-Persian Interactions Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop, U.S. Virgin Islands, 2003.
@inproceedings{narayanan_transonics_2003,
title = {Transonics: A Speech to Speech System for English-Persian Interactions},
author = {Shrikanth Narayanan and S. Ananthakrishnan and R. Belvin and E. Ettaile and S. Ganjavi and Panayiotis G. Georgiou and C. M. Hein and S. Kadambe and K. Knight and D. Marcu and H. E. Neely and Naveen Srinivasamurthy and David Traum and D. Wang},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/TRANSONICS-%20A%20SPEECH%20TO%20SPEECH%20SYSTEM%20FOR%20ENGLISH-PERSIAN%20INTERACTIONS.pdf},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-12-01},
booktitle = {Proceedings of Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop},
address = {U.S. Virgin Islands},
abstract = {In this paper we describe the ï¬rst phase of development of our speech-to-speech system between English and Modern Persian under the DARPA Babylon program. We give an overview of the various system components: the front end ASR, the machine translation system and the speech generation system. Challenges such as the sparseness of available spoken language data and solutions that have been employed to maximize the obtained beneï¬ts from using these limited resources are examined. Efforts in the creation of the user interface and the underlying dialog management system for mediated communication are described.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In this paper we describe the ï¬rst phase of development of our speech-to-speech system between English and Modern Persian under the DARPA Babylon program. We give an overview of the various system components: the front end ASR, the machine translation system and the speech generation system. Challenges such as the sparseness of available spoken language data and solutions that have been employed to maximize the obtained beneï¬ts from using these limited resources are examined. Efforts in the creation of the user interface and the underlying dialog management system for mediated communication are described.
2014.
Debevec, Paul
Image-Based Techniques for Digitizing Environments and Artifacts Proceedings Article
In: 4th International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (3DIM), 2003.
@inproceedings{debevec_image-based_2003,
title = {Image-Based Techniques for Digitizing Environments and Artifacts},
author = {Paul Debevec},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Image-Based%20Techniques%20for%20Digitizing%20Environments%20and%20Artifacts.pdf},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-10-01},
booktitle = {4th International Conference on 3-D Digital Imaging and Modeling (3DIM)},
abstract = {This paper presents an overview of techniques for generating photoreal computer graphics models of real-world places and objects. Our group's early efforts in modeling scenes involved the development of Facade, an interactive photogrammetric modeling system that uses geometric primitives to model the scene, and projective texture mapping to produce the scene appearance properties. Subsequent work has produced techniques to model the incident illumination within scenes, which we have shown to be useful for realistically adding computer-generated objects to image-based models. More recently, our work has focussed on recovering lighting-independent models of scenes and objects, capturing how each point on an object reflects light. Our latest work combines three-dimensional range scans, digital photographs, and incident illumination measurements to produce lighting-independent models of complex objects and environments.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper presents an overview of techniques for generating photoreal computer graphics models of real-world places and objects. Our group's early efforts in modeling scenes involved the development of Facade, an interactive photogrammetric modeling system that uses geometric primitives to model the scene, and projective texture mapping to produce the scene appearance properties. Subsequent work has produced techniques to model the incident illumination within scenes, which we have shown to be useful for realistically adding computer-generated objects to image-based models. More recently, our work has focussed on recovering lighting-independent models of scenes and objects, capturing how each point on an object reflects light. Our latest work combines three-dimensional range scans, digital photographs, and incident illumination measurements to produce lighting-independent models of complex objects and environments.
2015.
Martinovski, Bilyana; Traum, David; Robinson, Susan; Garg, Saurabh
Functions and Patterns of Speaker and Addressee Identifications in Distributed Complex Organizational Tasks Over Radio Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of Diabruck (7th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue), Saarbruecken Germany, 2003.
@inproceedings{martinovski_functions_2003,
title = {Functions and Patterns of Speaker and Addressee Identifications in Distributed Complex Organizational Tasks Over Radio},
author = {Bilyana Martinovski and David Traum and Susan Robinson and Saurabh Garg},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Functions%20and%20Patterns%20of%20Speaker%20and%20Addressee%20Identifications%20in%20Distributed%20Complex%20Organizational%20Tasks%20Over%20Radio.pdf},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-09-01},
booktitle = {Proceedings of Diabruck (7th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue)},
address = {Saarbruecken Germany},
abstract = {In multiparty dialogue speakers must identify who they are addressing (at least to the addressee, and perhaps to overhearers as well). In non face-toface situations, even the speaker's identity can be unclear. For talk within organizational teams working on critical tasks, such miscommunication must be avoided, and so organizational conventions have been adopted to signal addressee and speaker, (e.g., military radio communications). However, explicit guidelines, such as provided by the military are not always exactly followed (see also (Churcher et al., 1996)). Moreover, even simple actions like identiï¬cations of speaker and hearer can be performed in a variety of ways, for a variety of purposes. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding and predictability of identiï¬cations of speaker and addressee in radio mediated organization of work.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In multiparty dialogue speakers must identify who they are addressing (at least to the addressee, and perhaps to overhearers as well). In non face-toface situations, even the speaker's identity can be unclear. For talk within organizational teams working on critical tasks, such miscommunication must be avoided, and so organizational conventions have been adopted to signal addressee and speaker, (e.g., military radio communications). However, explicit guidelines, such as provided by the military are not always exactly followed (see also (Churcher et al., 1996)). Moreover, even simple actions like identiï¬cations of speaker and hearer can be performed in a variety of ways, for a variety of purposes. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding and predictability of identiï¬cations of speaker and addressee in radio mediated organization of work.
2016.
Itti, Laurent; Dhavale, Nitin; Pighin, Frédéric
Realistic Avatar Eye and Head Animation Using a Neurobiological Model of Visual Attention Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of SPIE 48th Annual International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, San Diego, CA, 2003.
@inproceedings{itti_realistic_2003,
title = {Realistic Avatar Eye and Head Animation Using a Neurobiological Model of Visual Attention},
author = {Laurent Itti and Nitin Dhavale and Frédéric Pighin},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Realistic%20Avatar%20Eye%20and%20Head%20Animation%20Using%20a%20Neurobiological%20Model%20of%20Visual%20Attention.pdf},
doi = {10.1117/12.512618},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-08-01},
booktitle = {Proceedings of SPIE 48th Annual International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology},
address = {San Diego, CA},
abstract = {We describe a neurobiological model of visual attention and eye/head movements in primates, and its application to the automatic animation of a realistic virtual human head watching an unconstrained variety of visual inputs. The bottom-up (image-based) attention model is based on the known neurophysiology of visual processing along the occipito-parietal pathway of the primate brain, while the eye/head movement model is derived from recordings in freely behaving Rhesus monkeys. The system is successful at autonomously saccading towards and tracking salient targets in a variety of video clips, including synthetic stimuli, real outdoors scenes and gaming console outputs. The resulting virtual human eye/head animation yields realistic rendering of the simulation results, both suggesting applicability of this approach to avatar animation and reinforcing the plausibility of the neural model.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
We describe a neurobiological model of visual attention and eye/head movements in primates, and its application to the automatic animation of a realistic virtual human head watching an unconstrained variety of visual inputs. The bottom-up (image-based) attention model is based on the known neurophysiology of visual processing along the occipito-parietal pathway of the primate brain, while the eye/head movement model is derived from recordings in freely behaving Rhesus monkeys. The system is successful at autonomously saccading towards and tracking salient targets in a variety of video clips, including synthetic stimuli, real outdoors scenes and gaming console outputs. The resulting virtual human eye/head animation yields realistic rendering of the simulation results, both suggesting applicability of this approach to avatar animation and reinforcing the plausibility of the neural model.
2017.
Hill, Randall W.; Douglas, Jay; Gordon, Andrew S.; Pighin, Frédéric; Velson, Martin
Guided Conversations about Leadership: Mentoring with Movies and Interactive Characters Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 15th Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, Acapulco, Mexico, 2003.
@inproceedings{hill_guided_2003,
title = {Guided Conversations about Leadership: Mentoring with Movies and Interactive Characters},
author = {Randall W. Hill and Jay Douglas and Andrew S. Gordon and Frédéric Pighin and Martin Velson},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Guided%20Conversations%20about%20Leadership-%20Mentoring%20with%20Movies%20and%20Interactive%20Characters.pdf},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-08-01},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference},
address = {Acapulco, Mexico},
abstract = {Think Like a Commander - Excellence in Leadership (TLAC-XL) is an application designed for learning leadership skills both from the experiences of others and through a structured dialogue about issues raised in a vignette. The participant watches a movie, interacts with a synthetic mentor and interviews characters in the story. The goal is to enable leaders to learn the human dimensions of leadership, addressing a gap in the training tools currently available to the U.S. Army. The TLAC-XL application employs a number of Artificial Intelligence technologies, including the use of a coordination architecture, a machine learning approach to natural language processing, and an algorithm for the automated animation of rendered human faces.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Think Like a Commander - Excellence in Leadership (TLAC-XL) is an application designed for learning leadership skills both from the experiences of others and through a structured dialogue about issues raised in a vignette. The participant watches a movie, interacts with a synthetic mentor and interviews characters in the story. The goal is to enable leaders to learn the human dimensions of leadership, addressing a gap in the training tools currently available to the U.S. Army. The TLAC-XL application employs a number of Artificial Intelligence technologies, including the use of a coordination architecture, a machine learning approach to natural language processing, and an algorithm for the automated animation of rendered human faces.
2018.
Gordon, Andrew S.; Kazemzadeh, Abe; Nair, Anish; Petrova, Milena
Recognizing Expressions of Commonsense Psychology in English Text Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), Sapporo, Japan, 2003.
@inproceedings{gordon_recognizing_2003,
title = {Recognizing Expressions of Commonsense Psychology in English Text},
author = {Andrew S. Gordon and Abe Kazemzadeh and Anish Nair and Milena Petrova},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Recognizing%20Expressions%20of%20Commonsense%20Psychology%20in%20English%20Text.PDF},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-07-01},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)},
address = {Sapporo, Japan},
abstract = {Many applications of natural language processing technologies involve analyzing texts that concern the psychological states and processes of people, including their beliefs, goals, predictions, explanations, and plans. In this paper, we describe our efforts to create a robust, large-scale lexical-semantic resource for the recognition and classification of expressions of commonsense psychology in English Text. We achieve high levels of precision and recall by hand-authoring sets of local grammars for commonsense psychology concepts, and show that this approach can achieve classification performance greater than that obtained by using machine learning techniques. We demonstrate the utility of this resource for large-scale corpus analysis by identifying references to adversarial and competitive goal in political speeches throughout U.S. history.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Many applications of natural language processing technologies involve analyzing texts that concern the psychological states and processes of people, including their beliefs, goals, predictions, explanations, and plans. In this paper, we describe our efforts to create a robust, large-scale lexical-semantic resource for the recognition and classification of expressions of commonsense psychology in English Text. We achieve high levels of precision and recall by hand-authoring sets of local grammars for commonsense psychology concepts, and show that this approach can achieve classification performance greater than that obtained by using machine learning techniques. We demonstrate the utility of this resource for large-scale corpus analysis by identifying references to adversarial and competitive goal in political speeches throughout U.S. history.
2019.
Gordon, Andrew S.; Nair, Anish
Literary Evidence for the Cultural Development of a Theory of Mind Proceedings Article
In: Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci), Boston, MA, 2003.
@inproceedings{gordon_literary_2003,
title = {Literary Evidence for the Cultural Development of a Theory of Mind},
author = {Andrew S. Gordon and Anish Nair},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/Literary%20Evidence%20for%20the%20Cultural%20Development%20of%20a%20Theory%20of%20Mind.PDF},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-07-01},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci)},
address = {Boston, MA},
abstract = {The term Theory of Mind is used within the cognitive sciences to refer to the abilities that people have to reason about their own mental states and the mental states of others. An important question is whether these abilities are culturally acquired or innate to our species. This paper outlines the argument that the mental models that serve as the basis for Theory of Mind abilities are the product of cultural development. To support this thesis, we present evidence gathered from the large-scale automated analysis of text corpora. We show that the Freudian conception of a subconscious desire is a relatively modern addition to our culturally shared Theory of Mind, as evidenced by a shift in the way these ideas appeared in 19th and 20th century English language novels.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The term Theory of Mind is used within the cognitive sciences to refer to the abilities that people have to reason about their own mental states and the mental states of others. An important question is whether these abilities are culturally acquired or innate to our species. This paper outlines the argument that the mental models that serve as the basis for Theory of Mind abilities are the product of cultural development. To support this thesis, we present evidence gathered from the large-scale automated analysis of text corpora. We show that the Freudian conception of a subconscious desire is a relatively modern addition to our culturally shared Theory of Mind, as evidenced by a shift in the way these ideas appeared in 19th and 20th century English language novels.
2020.
Lent, Michael; Hill, Randall W.; McAlinden, Ryan; Brobst, Paul
2002 Defense Modeling and Simulation Office (DMSO) Laboratory for Human Behavior Model Interchange Standards Technical Report
no. AFRL-HE-WP-TP-2007-0008, 2003.
@techreport{van_lent_2002_2003,
title = {2002 Defense Modeling and Simulation Office (DMSO) Laboratory for Human Behavior Model Interchange Standards},
author = {Michael Lent and Randall W. Hill and Ryan McAlinden and Paul Brobst},
url = {http://ict.usc.edu/pubs/2002%20Defense%20Modeling%20and%20Simulation%20Office%20(DMSO)%20Laboratory%20for%20Human%20Behavior%20Model%20Interchange%20Standards.pdf},
year = {2003},
date = {2003-07-01},
number = {AFRL-HE-WP-TP-2007-0008},
abstract = {This report describes the effort to address the following research objective: "To begin to define, prototype, and demonstrate an interchange standard among Human Behavior Modeling (HEM) -related models in the Department of Defense (DoD), Industry, Academia, and other Government simulations by establishing a Laboratory for the Study of Human Behavior Representation Interchange Standard." With experience, expertise, and technologies of the commercial computer game industry, the academic research community, and DoD simulation developers, the Institute for Creative Technologies discusses their design and implementation for a prototype HBM interface standard and also describes their demonstration of that standard in a game-based simulation environment that combines HBM models from the entertainment industry and academic researchers.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
This report describes the effort to address the following research objective: "To begin to define, prototype, and demonstrate an interchange standard among Human Behavior Modeling (HEM) -related models in the Department of Defense (DoD), Industry, Academia, and other Government simulations by establishing a Laboratory for the Study of Human Behavior Representation Interchange Standard." With experience, expertise, and technologies of the commercial computer game industry, the academic research community, and DoD simulation developers, the Institute for Creative Technologies discusses their design and implementation for a prototype HBM interface standard and also describes their demonstration of that standard in a game-based simulation environment that combines HBM models from the entertainment industry and academic researchers.
Filter
Sorry, no publications matched your criteria.